Chapter 1 Journalism, Newspapers and News Services

1.1 Journalism

1.1.1 The Purposes of Journalism

1.1.2 The Types of Journalism

1.1.3 The Duties of Journalism

1.1.4 Journalism and Ideology

1.1.5 The Responsibilities of Joumalists

1.2 Newspapers

1.2.1 The Changing Newspapers

1.2.2 The Content of Newspapers

1.2.3 General Organization of Newspapers

1.2.4 The Future of Newspapers

1.2.5 Some InfluentialAmerican Newspapers

1.2.6 Some Influential British Newspapers

1.3 News Services

1.3.1 The Role of Press Associations

1.3.2 Some Influential News Agencies

1.3.3 The Domination of Western News Media

Chapter 2 Discourse, Ideology and Semiotics

2.1 Discourse

2.1.1 The Definition of Discourse

2.1.2 Discourse Analysis

2.1.3 Critical Discourse Analysis

2.1.4 News as Discourse

2.2 Ideology

2.2.1 The Definition of Ideology

2.2.2 Ideology as an Instrument of Social Reproduction

2.2.3 Louis Althusser's Ideological State Apparatuses

2.2.4 Political Ideologies

2.2.5 Language and Ideology

2.2.6 The Media Are Ideological

2.3 Semiotics

2.3.1 The Definition of Semiotics

2.3.2 Semiotics and Communication Studies

2.3.3 Roland Barthes and Cultur'al Semiotics

2.4 News Discourse Analysis

2.4.1 The Functions of News Discourse Analysis

2.4.2 Grammatical Analysis of News Discourse

2.4.3 The Syntactical and Semantic Analysis of News Discourse ..

2.4.4 Discourse Analysis of a News Report

Chapter 3 News Culture and News Values

3.1 News

3.1.1 The Definition of News i

3.1.2 The Functions of News

3.2 News Writing

3.2.1 The Principles of News Writing

3.2.2 The Characteristics of News Writing

3.3 News Culture

3.3.1 Culture

3.3.2 News Culture

3.4 News Values

3.4.1 Timeliness

3.4.2 Impact

3.4.3 Prominence

3.4.4 Proximity

3.4.5 Conflict

3.4.6 Unusualness

3.4.7 Human Interest

Chapter 4 News Genres

4.1 The Classification of News

4.1.1 HardNews

4.1.2 Soft News

4.2 News Formulas

4.2.1 The Inverted Pyramid Form

4.2.2 Narrative Formula

4.2.3 Simplified Extended Conflict Formula

4.3 News Genres

4.3.1 Editorials

4.3.2 Columns

4.3.3 Reviews

4.3.4 Features

Chapter 5 News Headlines

5.1 The Definition of News Headline

5.2 The Functions of News Headline

5.3 Guidelines for Writing News Headlines

5.4 Compound Headlines

5.5 The Lexical Characteristics of Headlines

5.5.1 Midget Words in Headlines

5.5.2 Abbreviations in Headlines

5.5.3 Clipping Words in Headlines

5.5.4 Special Words in Headlines

5.5.5 Spoken Words in Headlines

5.5.6 Slang in Headlines

5.5.7 Noun Phrases m Headlines

5.6 The Grammatical Characteristics of Headlines

5.6.1 Tense in Headlines

5.6.2 Omission in Headlines

5.7 Rhetorical Devices in Headlines

5.7.1 Phonetic Devices in Headlines

5.7.2 Lexical Devices in Headlines

5.7.3 Syntactical Devices in Headlines

Chapter 6 News Leads

6.1 The Definition of Lead

6.2 The Principles of Leads

6.3 The Format of Leads

6.3.1 Datelines, Credit Lines, Story Elements and Lead Length

6.3.2 Guidelines for Writing Readable Leads

6.4 The Types of Leads

6.4.1 The Direct Lead

6.4.2 The Delayed Lead

6.4.3 Creative Leads

Chapter 7 News Lexical Styles

7.1 New Words in News Discourse

7.1.1 New Words in Old Forms

7.1.2 Words Created Recently

7.1.3 Loan Words

7.2 Compound Attributes with Hyphens in News Discourse

7.3 Jargons in News Discourse

7.3.1 The Definition of Jargons

7.3.2 The Functions of Jargons in News Discourse

7.3.3 Avoiding the Abuse of Jargons

7.4 Short and Simple Words in News Discourse

7.5 Using Colloquialisms and Idioms in News Discourse

7.5.1 Colloquialisms

7.5.2 Idioms

7.6 Fuzzy Terms in News Discourse

Chapter $ News Rhetorical Devices

8.1 News Rhetoric

8.2 Metaphorical Words in News Discourse

8.2.1 Using Specific Words

8.2.2 Using Descriptive Words

8.2.3 The Use of "War" in News Reports

8.2.4 Avoiding Overuse of Metaphorical Words

8.3 Euphemisms in News Discourse

8.3.1 The Definition of Euphemism

8.3.2 The Functions of Euphemisms

8.4 Irony in News Discourse

8.4.1 The Definition of Irony

8.4.2 The Types of Irony

8.4.3 The Use of Irony in News Discourse

8.5 Numbers in News Reports

8.6 Quotations in News Reports

8.6.1 When and How to Quote

8.6.2 Direct Quotations

8.6.3 Indirect Quotations

8.6.4 The Grammar of Quotations

8.7 Attribution in News Reports

8.7.1 When and How to Attribute

8.7.2 Verbs of Attribution

Chapter 9 Conclusion

Glossary (Index of Important Terms)

Bibliography

《文化语境中的西方新闻话语》(作者吴越民)把新闻文本作为话语分析的对象，把话语研究和媒体研究结合起来，重点论述媒体中最重要的一种话语类型：报刊中的新闻。在研究中《文化语境中的西方新闻话语》主要采取逻辑论证和个案分析相结合的方法，讨论英语报刊中的新闻、新闻话语、新闻文化和新闻价值、新闻标题、新闻导语、新闻结构、新闻用词和新闻修辞，对英语报刊新闻传播情况、新闻话语特色以及新闻文化的传播力量进行论述，把新闻话语分析理论置于当代文化研究、社会研究以及传播研究的核心理论中，更深层次地探索新闻话语分析的当代意义，研究新闻话语的文化符号学向度，探讨新闻话语的政治文化传统和话语的社会性，阐述话语分析理论的构成要素及其内涵，分析其特征与类型，检视其实践应用的情形，使读者对西方新闻话语有一个比较深入的了解。

《文化语境中的西方新闻话语》(作者吴越民)是“外语文化教学论丛”系列之一，主要采取逻辑论证和个案分析相结合的方法，讨论英语报刊中的新闻、新闻话语、新闻文化和新闻价值、新闻标题、新闻导语、新闻结构、新闻用词和新闻修辞，本书适合从事相关研究工作的人员参考阅读。