The clearest and most accessible logic text available today, Hurley’s A Concise Introduction to Logic is used by more students and instructors than any other logic text in North America. Effectively integrated so that the elements of logic fit together like a well-crafted puzzle, Hurley’s clear and direct approach helps to take the mystery out of learning logic.

The clearest and most accessible logic text available today, Hurley’s A Concise Introduction to Logic is used by more students and instructors than any other logic text in North America. Effectively integrated so that the elements of logic fit together like a well-crafted puzzle, Hurley’s clear and direct approach helps to take the mystery out of learning logic.

And, along with the Eighth Edition of this best-selling book, you also receive the newly developed Hurley’s Logic CD-ROM. Interactive, dynamic, and designed specifically to partner with Hurley’s text, this revolutionary CD-ROM contains the Learning Logic module, which guides you step by step through the concepts of logic. Learning Logic’s engaging animations, audio instruction, and thousands of practice exercises give you immediate feedback. You’ll feel like you are interacting with a patient instructor--one that is always available to help! Never before has learning logic been so interactive and so fascinating.

Chapter 1 Basic Concepts

    1.1  Arguments, Premises, and Conclusions 1

    1.2  Recognizing Arguments 13

    1.3  Deduction and Induction 31

    1.4  Validity, Truth, Soundness, Strength, Cogency 41

    1.5  Argument Forms: Proving Invalidity 52

    1.6  Extended Argumems 59

Chapter 2 Language: Meaning and Definition

    2.1  Varieties of Meaning 72

    2.2  The Intension and Extension of Terms 82

    2.3  Definitions and Their Purposes 87

    2.4  Definitional Techniques 94

    2.5  Criteria for Lexical Definitions 104

Chapter 3 Informal Fallacies

    3.1  Fallacies in General l l 1

    3.2  Fallacies of Relevance 114

    3.3  Fallacies of Weak Induction 130

    3.4  Fallacies of Presumption, Ambiguity, and Grammatical Analogy 147

    3.5  Fallacies in Ordinary Language 170

Chapter 4 Categorical Propositions

    4.1  The Components of Categorical Propositions 188

    4.2  Quality, Quantity, and Distribution 190

    4.3  Venn Diagrams and the Modern Square of Opposition 195

    4.4  Conversion, Obversion, and Contraposition 204

    4.5  The Traditional Square of Opposition 214

    4.6  Venn Diagrams and the Traditional Standpoint 224

    4.7  Translating Ordinary Language Statements into Categorical Form 230

Chapter 5 Categorical Syllogisms

    5.1  Standard Form, Mood, and Figure 242

    5.2  Venn Diagrams 249

    5.3  Rules and Fallacies 261

    5.4  Reducing the Number of Terms 269

    5.5  Ordinary Language Arguments 272

    5.6  Enthymemes 275

    5.7  Sorites 280

Chapter 6 Propositional Logic

    6.1  Symbols and Translation 287

    6.2  Truth Functions 298

    6.3  Truth Tables for Propositions 310

    6.4  Truth Tables for Arguments 319

    6.5  Indirect Truth Tables 324

    6.6  Argument Forms and Fallacies 330

Chapter 7 Natural Deduction in Propositional Logic

    7.1  Rules of Implication I 348

    7.2  Rules of Implication II 359

    7.3  Rules of Replacement I 369

    7.4  Rules of Replacement II 380

    7.5  Conditional Proof 390

    7.6  Indirect Proof 395

    7.7  Proving Logical Truths 401

Chapter 8 Predicate Logic

    8.1  Symbols and Translation 405

    8.2  Using the Rules of Inference 414

    8.3  Change of Quantifier Rule 425

    8.4  Conditional and Indirect Proof 429

    8.5  Proving Invalidity 435

    8.6  Relational Predicates and Overlapping Quantifiers 441

    8.7  Identity 453

Chapter 9 Induction

    9.1  Analogy and Legal and Moral Reasoning 468

    9.2  Causality and Mill’s Methods 487

    9.3  Probability 508

    9.4  Statistical Reasoning 525

    9.5  Hypothetical/Scientific Reasoning 544

    9.6  Science and Superstition 564

Answers to Selected Exercises 592

Glossary/Index 654