《XML数据查询和检索技术(精)》由陆嘉恒主编，主要内容：XML is short for eXtensible Markup Language, whose purpose is to aid information systems in sharing structured data, especially via the Internet, to encode documents, and to serialize data. The properties that XML inherited make it the widely popular standard of representing and exchanging data.

When working with those XML data, there are (loosely speaking) three different functions that need to be performed: adding information to the repository, searching and retrieving information from the repository, and updating information from the repository. We focus on all three parts of functions. There are two decades since the beginning of XML, and this .eld has expanded tremendously and is still expanding. Thus, no book on XML can be comprehensive now—certainly this one is not. We just present which we could present clearly.

《XML数据查询和检索技术(精)》由陆嘉恒主编，本书系统、全面地阐述了关于XML数据检索和查询方面最新的研究成果，包括XML数据的编码、索引、模式匹配，结果估计，关键词检索，查询改写等方面内容。本书主要强调内容的先进性，将作者最新的XML数据查询和检索的最新成果涵盖进来，其中某些内容还未公开发表。《XML数据查询和检索技术(精)》主要面向系统开发人员，研究生和科研工作者，也可供其他读者学习使用，对专业人士可作为最新的技术参考资料。

1 Introduction /1

1.1 XML Data Model /1

1.2 Emergenceof XML Database /3

1.2.1 Flat File Storage /3

1.2.2 Relational and Object Relational Storage /3

1.2.3 Native Storage of XML Data /4

1.3 XML Query Languageand Processing /5

1.4 XML Keyword Search/5

1.5 Book Outline /6

References /7

2 XML Labeling Scheme /9

2.1 IntroducingXML LabelingScheme /9

2.2 Region EncodingScheme /10

2.3 Dewey and Extended Dewey Scheme/11

2.3.1 Dewey ID Labeling Scheme /11

2.3.2 ExtendedDewey and FST /12

2.4 Dynamic Labeling Scheme/16

2.4.1 Region-Based Dynamic Labeling Scheme/17

2.4.2 Pre.x-Based Dynamic Labeling Scheme /18

2.4.3 PrimeLabelingScheme/19

2.4.4 The EncodingSchemes /20

2.5 Summary /31

References /31

3 XML Data Indexing /33

3.1 IntroducingXML Data Indexing/33

3.2 IndexesonXMLTreeStructure/34

3.2.1 DataGuides /34

3.2.2 1-Index/39

3.2.3 F&B-Index/43

3.3 Index Based on XML Sequencing /54

3.3.1 PRIX: Indexing and Querying XML Using Prufer Sequences /54

3.3.2 ViST: A Dynamic Index Method for Querying XML Data by Tree Structures /65

3.3.3 APEX: An AdaptivePath Index for XML Data /75

3.4 Summary /87

References /88

4 XML Tree Pattern Processing /91

4.1 IntroducingXML Tree Pattern Processing /91

4.2 XML Structural Join /92

4.2.1 Tree-MergeJoinAlgorithms/94

4.2.2 Stack-TreeJoinAlgorithms/97

4.3 XML Holistic Twig Pattern Processing /103

4.3.1 PathStack /104

4.3.2 TwigStack/108

4.3.3 TwigStackList /112

4.3.4 TJFast /122

4.3.5 ExperimentalEvaluation/128

4.4 XML Query Processing Based on VariousStreaming Schemes/134

4.4.1 TagCLevelStreamingandPre.x-PathStreaming(PPS)/135

4.4.2 iTwigJoin Algorithm /144

4.5 Summary /155

References /155

5 Ordered and Generalized XML Tree Pattern Processing /157

5.1 IntroducingOrdered and GeneralizedXML Tree Pattern Processing 157

5.2 XML Ordered Query Processing/158

5.2.1 Data Model and Ordered Twig Pattern /159

5.2.2 XML Ordered Query Processing Algorithm/160

5.2.3 Analysis of OrderedTJ /163

5.2.4 ExperimentalEvaluation/165

5.3 XML Generalized XML Tree Pattern/167

5.3.1 GTJFast Algorithm/168

5.3.2 AnalysisofGTJFast/171

5.3.3 Experiments /173

5.4 ExtendedXML Tree Pattern/174

5.4.1 ExtendedTree Pattern Query /176

5.4.2 MatchingCross/177

5.4.3 Holistic Algorithms /183

5.4.4 Experiments /193

5.5 Summary /200

References /200

Contents

6 Effective XML Keyword Search /203

6.1 IntroducingEffective XML Keyword Search/203

6.2 XMLKeywordSearchSemantics/204

6.2.1 LCA and the Meet Operator /205

6.2.2 MLCA and MLCAS /205

6.2.3 SLCA /206

6.2.4 GDMCT /207

6.2.5 ICA (Interested Common Ancestor) and IRA (InterestedRelatedAncestors)/209

6.2.6 ELCA (Exclusive Lowest Common Ancestor) /210

6.2.7 VLCA (Valuable Lowest Common Ancestor) /210

6.2.8 MCN /211

6.2.9 MeaningfulSLCA/211

6.2.10 LCEA (Lowest Common Entity Ancestor) /213

6.2.11 MLCEA (MeaningfulLCEA) /213

6.3 XML Keyword Search Algorithms/213

6.3.1 DIL (Dewey InvertedList) Query Processing Algorithm /213

6.3.2 The Stack Algorithm /216

6.3.3 Basic Multiway-SLCA Algorithm (BMS) /218

6.3.4 IncrementalMultiway-SLCA Algorithm(IMS) /220

6.3.5 IndexedStack Algorithm/221

6.3.6 Stack-Based Query Re.nement Algorithm /223

6.4 XML Keyword Search Ranking Strategy/224

6.4.1 TF*IDF Cosine Similarity /225

6.4.2 Data Model /226

6.4.3 XML TF&DF/226

6.4.4 Inferringthe Node Type to Search For /227

6.4.5 Inferringthe Node Types to Search Via /227

6.4.6 Capturing KeywordCo-occurrence /228

6.4.7 Relevance-OrientedRanking /228

6.5 Summary /231

References /231

7 XML Keyword Pattern Re.nement/233

7.1 IntroducingXML Keyword Pattern Re.nement/233

7.2 Related Work/237

7.3 Preliminaries /238

7.3.1 MeaningfulSLCA/238

7.3.2 Re.nementOperations/240

7.4 Ranking of Re.ned Queries /242

7.4.1 Similarity Score of a RQ/243

7.4.2 DependenceScore of a RQ /245

7.5 Exploringthe Re.ned Query /247

7.5.1 ProblemFormulation/247

7.5.2 Subproblems/247

7.5.3 Notations/247

7.5.4 Initialization /248

7.5.5 RecurrenceFunction /248

7.5.6 Time Complexity/248

7.6 Content-Aware Query Re.nement /249

7.6.1 Partition-Based Algorithm/250

7.6.2 Short-ListEagerAlgorithm/253

7.7 Experiments /256

7.7.1 Equipment /256

7.7.2 Dataset and Query Set/256

7.7.3 Ef.ciency /257

7.7.4 Scalability/259

7.7.5 Effectivenessof Query Re.nement/261

7.8 Summary /264

References /264

8 LCRA, XML Keyword Search System, and LotusX, Graphical Query Processing System /267

8.1 Introductionof LCRA and LotusX/267

8.2 LCRA: Search Semantics/268

8.2.1 SLCA and LRA /268

8.2.2 Backgroundand Data Model /269

8.2.3 SearchSemantics/270

8.3 LCRA, System Architecture, and Ranking Techniques/272

8.3.1 Tree Model/272

8.3.2 RankingTechniques/273

8.3.3 SystemArchitecture/274

8.3.4 OverviewofOnlineDemoFeatures/274

8.4 A Position-Aware XML Graphical Search System with Auto-completion/276

8.4.1 System Features /276

8.4.2 LotusX:ArchitectureandAlgorithms/278

8.5 Summary /282

References /283

9 Summary and the Road Ahead /285

9.1 Summary of This Book /285

9.2 Future Work /286

9.2.1 Full-FledgedXML Query Engine /286

9.2.2 Directed Graph XML Model/286

9.2.3 ExtendedDewey Labeling Scheme for OrderedQuery /287

9.2.4 IndexStructure Based on TJFast /287

9.2.5 MapReduce-BasedXML Twig Pattern Matching /288

References /288

Index /289