三维模型分析与处理的研究热点集中在五个方向的三维模型分析和计算机科学，即在压缩，处理，特征提取，基于内容的检索，不可逆转水印和反演性水印。本书根据大范围新的内容，系统、理论和充分地分析了三维模型分析和处理技术。

Three-Dimensional Model Analysis and Processing focuses on five hot research directions in 3D model analysis and processing in computer science,i.e.,on compression ,feature extraction,content-based retrieval ,irreversible watermarking and reversible watermarking.The book is based on a wide range of new content,systematic and theoretical,and fully reflects the state-of -the-artin 3D model analysis and processing technologies.This book is intended for researchers,engineers and graduate students working in 3D model analysis processing.

1 Introduction

 1.1 Background

1.1.1 Technical Development Course of Multimedia

1.1.2 Information Explosion

1.1.3 Network Information Security

1.2.4 Technical Requirements of 3D Models

 1.2 Concepts and Descriptions of 3D Models

1.2.1 3D Models

1.2.2 3D Modeling Schemes

1.2.3 Polygon Meshes

1.2.4 3D Model File Formats and Processing Software

 1.3 Overview of 3D Model Analysis and Processing

1.3.1 Overview of 3D Model Processing Techniques

1.3.2 Overview of 3D Model Analysis Techniques

 1.4 Overview of Multimedia Compression Techniques

1.4.1 Concepts of Data Compression

1.4.2 Overview of Audio Compression Techniques

1.4.3 Overview of Image Compression Techniques

1.4.4 Overview of Video Compression Techniques

 1.5 Overview of Digital Watermarking Techniques

1.5.1 Requirement Background

1.5.2 Concepts of Digital Watermarks

1.5.3 Basic Framework of Digital Watermarking Systems

1.5.4 Communication-Based Digital Watermarking Models

1.5.5 Classification of Digital Watermarking Techniques

1.5.6 Applications of Digital Watermarking Techniques

1.5.7 Characteristics of Watermarking Systems

 1.6 Overview of Multimedia Retrieval Techniques

1.6.1 Concepts of Information Retrieval

1.6.2 Summary of Content-Based Multimedia Retrieval

1.6.3 Content-Based Image Retrieval

1.6.4 Content-Based Video Retrieval

1.6.5 Content-Based Audio Retrieval

 1.7 Overview of Multimedia Perceptual Hashing Techniques

1.7.1 Basic Concept of Hashing Functions

1.7.2 Concepts and Properties of Perceptual Hahsing Functions

1.7.3 The State-of the-Art of Perceptual Hahsing Functions

1.7.4 Applications of Perceptual Hashing Functions

 1.8 Main Content of This Book

 References

2 3D Mesh Compression

 2.1 Introduction

2.1.1 Backgroud

2.1.2 Basic Concepts and Defintions

2.1.3 Algorithm Classification

 2.2 Single-Rate Connectivity Compression

2.2.1 Representation of Indexed Face Set

2.2.2 Triangle-Strip-Based Connectivity Coding

2.2.3 Spanning-Tree-Based Connectivity Coding

2.2.4 Layered-Decomposition-Based Connectivity Coding

2.2.5 Valence-Driven Connectivity Coding Approach

2.2.6 Triangle Conquest Based Connectivity Coding

2.2.7 Summary

 2.3 Progressive Connectivity Compression

2.3.1 Progressive Meshes

2.3.2 Patch Colring

2.3.3 Valence-Driven Conquest

2.3.4 Embedded Coding

2.3.5 Layered Decomposition

2.3.6 Summary

 2.4 Spatial-Domain Geometry Compression

2.4.1 Scalar Quantization

2.4.2 Prediction

2.4.3 k-d Tree

2.4.4 Octree Decompoition

 2.5 Transform Based Geometric Compression

2.5.1 Single-Rate Spectral Compression of Mesh Geometry

2.5.2 Progressive Compression Based on Wavelet Transform

2.5.3 Geometry Image Coding

2.5.4 Summary

 2.6 Geometry Compression Based on Vector Quantization

2.6.1 Introduction to Vector Quantization

2.6.2 Quantization of 3D Model Space Vectors

2.6.3 PVQ-Based Geometry Compression

2.6.4 Fast VQ Compression for 3D Mesh Models

2.6.5 VQ Scheme Based on Dynamically Restricted Codebook

 2.7 Summary

 References

3 3D Model Feature Extraction

 3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Backgroud

3.1.2 Basic Concepts and Defintions

3.1.3 Classification of 3D Feature Extraction Algorithms

 3.2 Statistical Feature Extraction

3.2.1 3D Moments of Surface

3.2.2 3D Zermike Moments

3.2.3 3D Shape Histograms

3.2.4 Point Density

3.2.5 Shape Distribution Functions

3.2.6 Extended Gaussian Image

 3.3 Rotation-Based Shape Descriptor

3.3.1 Proposed Algorithm

3.3.2 Experimental Results

 3.4 Vector-Quantization-Based Feature Extraction

3.4.1 Detailed Procedure

3.4.2 Experimental Results

 3.5 Global Gemetry Feature Extraction

3.5.1 Ray-Based Geometrical Feature Representation

3.5.2 Weighted Point Sets

3.5.3 Other Methods

 3.6 Signal-Analysis-Based Feature Extraction

3.6.1 Fourier Descriptor

3.6.2 Spherical Harmonic Analysis

3.6.3 Wavelet Transform

 3.7 Visual-Image-Based fEATURE Extraction

3.7.1 Methods on Based 2D Functional Projection

3.7.2 Methods on Based 2D Planar View Mapping

 3.8 Topology-Based Feature Extraction

3.8.1 Introduction

3.8.2 Multi-resolution Reeb Graph

3.8.3 Skeleton Graph

 3.9 Appearance-Based Feature Extraction

3.9.1 Introducation

3.9.2 Color Feature Extraction

3.9.3 Texture Feature Extraction

 3.10 Summary

 References

4 Content-Based 3D Model Retrieval

 4.1 Introducation

4.1.1 Background

4.1.1 Performance Evaluation Criteria

 4.2 Content-Based 3D Model Retrieval Framework

4.2.1 Overview of Content-Based 3D Model Retrieval

4.2.2 Challenges in Content-Based 3D Model Retrieval

4.2.3 Framework of Content-Based 3D Model Retrieval

4.2.4 Important Issues in Content-Based 3D Model Retrieval

 4.3 Preprocessing of 3D Models

4.3.1 Overview

4.3.2 Pose Normalization

4.3.3 Polygon Triangulation

4.3.4 Mesh Segmentation

4.3.5 Vertex Clustering

 4.4 Feature Extraction

4.4.1 Primitive-Based Feature Extraction

4.4.2 Statistics-Based Feature Extraction

4.4.3 Geometry-Based Feature Extraction

4.4.4 View-Based Feature Extraction

 4.5 Similarity Matching

4.5.1 Distance Metrics

4.5.2 Graph-Matching Algorithms

4.5.3 Machine-Learning Methods

4.5.4 Semantic Measurements

 4.6 Query Style and User Interface

4.6.1 Query by Example

4.6.2 Query by 2D Projections

4.6.3 Query by 2D Sketches

4.6.4 Query by 3D Sketches

4.6.5 Query by Text

4.6.6 Multimodal Queries and Relevance Feedback

 4.7 Summary

 References

5 3D Model Watermarking

 5.1 Introducation

 5.2 3D Model Watermarking System and Its Requirements

5.2.1 Digital Watermarking

5.2.2 3D Model Watermarking Framework

5.2.3 Difficulties

5.2.4 Requirements

 5.3 Classifications of 3D Model Watermarking Algorithms

5.3.1 Classification According to Redundancy Utilization

5.3.2 Classification According to Robustness

5.3.3 Classification According to Complexity

5.3.4 Classification According to Embedding Domains

5.3.5 Classification According to Obliviousness

5.3.6 Classification According to 3D Model Types

5.3.7 Classification According to Reversibility

5.3.8 Classification According to Transparency

 5.4 Spatial-Domain-Based 3D Model Watermarking

5.4.1 Vertex Diturbance

5.4.2 Modifying distances or Lengths

5.4.3 Adopting Triangle/Strip as Embedding Primitives

5.4.4 Using a Tetrahedron as the Embedding primitive

5.4.5 Topology Structure Adjustment

5.4.6 Modification of Surface Normal Distribution

5.4.7 Attribute Modification

5.4.8 Redundancy-Based Methods

 5.5 A Robust Adaptive 3D Mesh Watermarking Scheme

5.5.1 Watermarking Scheme

5.5.2 Parameter Control for Watermarking Embedding

5.5.3 Experimental Results

5.5.4 Conclusions

 5.6 3D Watermarking in Transformed Domais

5.6.1 Mesh Watermarking in Wavelet Transform Domains

5.6.2 Mesh Watermarking in the RST Invariant Space

5.6.3 Mesh Watermarking Based on the Burt-Adelson Pyramid

5.6.4 Mesh Watermarking Based on Fourier Analysis

5.6.5 Other Algorithms

 5.7 Watermarking Schemes for Other Types of 3D Models

5.7.1 Watermarking Methods for NURBS Curves and Surfaces

5.7.2 3D Volume Watermarking

5.7.3 3D Animation Watermarking

 5.8 Summary

 References

6 Reversible Data Hiding in 3D Models

 6.1 Introducation

6.1.1 Background

6.1.2 Requirements and Performance Evaluation Criteria

 6.2 Reversible Data Hiding for Digital Image

6.2.1 Classification of Reversible Data Hiding Schemes

6.2.2 Difference-Expansion-Based Reversible Data Hiding

6.2.3 Histogram-Shifting-Based Reversible Data Hiding

6.2.4 Applications of Reversible Data Hiding for Images

 6.3 Reversible Data Hiding for 3D Models

6.3.1 General System

6.3.2 Challenges of 3D Model Reversible Data Hiding

6.3.3 Algorithm Classification

 6.4 Spatial Domain 3D Model Reversible Data Hiding

6.4.1 3D Mesh Authentication

6.4.2 Encoding Stage

6.4.3 Decoding Stage

6.4.4 Experimental Results and Discussions

 6.5 Compressed Domain 3D Model Reversible Data Hiding

6.5.1 Scheme Overview

6.5.2 Predictive Vector Quantization

6.5.3 Data Embedding

6.5.4 Data Extraction and Mesh Recovery

6.5.5 Performance Analysis

6.5.6 Experimental Results

6.5.7 Capacity Enhancement

 6.6 Transform Domain Reversible 3D Model Data Hiding

6.6.1 Introduction

6.6.2 Scheme Overview

6.6.3 Data Embedding

6.6.4 Data Extraction

6.6.5 Experimental Results

6.6.6 Bit-Shifting-Based Coefficients Modulation

 6.7 Summary

 References

Index