1 Introduction
1.1 Foundations:Their Importance and Purpose
1.2 Foundation Engineering
1.3 Foundation:Classifications and Select Definitions
1.4 Foundation:General Requirements
1.5 Foundation:Additional Considerations
1.6 Foundations:Selection of Type
1.7 The International System of Units(SI)and the Foot—Pound—Second f Fps)System
1.8 Computational Accuracy Versus Design Precision
1.9 Computer Programs in Foundation Analysis and Design
2 Bearing Capacity of Foundations
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Bearing Capacity for Footings on Layered Soils
2.3 Beating Capacity of Footings on Slopes
2.4 Bearing Capacity from Field Load Tests
2.5 Safety Factors in Foundation Design
2.6 Beating Capacity of Rock
Problems
3 Improving Site Soils for Foundation Use
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Lightweight and Structural Fills
3.3 Compaction
3.4 Soil—Cement,Lime,and Fly Ash
3.5 Precompression to Improve Site Soils
3.6 Drainage Using Sand Blankets and Drains
3.7 Sand Columns to Increase Soil Stiflfness
3.8 Stone Columns
3.9 Soil Cement Piles/Columns
3.10 Jet Grouting
3.11 Foundation Grouting and Chemical Stabilization
3.12 Vibratory Methods to Increase Soil Density
3.13 Use of Geotextiles to Improve Soil
3.14 Almfing Groundwater Conditions
Problems
4 Factors to Consider in Foundation Design
4.1 Footing Depth and Spacing
4.2 Displaced Soil Effects
4.3 Net Versus Gross Soil Pressure:Design Soil Pressures
4.4 Erosion Problems for Structures Adjacent to Flowing Water
4.5 Corrosion Promction
4.6 Water Table F1uctuation
4.7 Foundations in Sand and Silt Deposits
4.8 Foundations on Loess and Other Collapsible Soils
4.9 Foundations on Unsaturated Soils Subject to Volume Change with Change in Water Content
4.10 Foundations on Clays and Clayey Silts
4.11 Foundations on Residual Soils
4.12 Foundations on Sanitary Landfill Sites
4.13 Frost Depth and Foundations on Permafrost
4.14 Environmental Considerations
Problems
5 Spread Footing Design
5.1 Footings:Classification and Purpose
5.2 Allowable Soil Pressures in Spread Footing Design
5.3 Assumptions Used in Footing Design
5.4 Rectangular Footings
5.5 Eccentrically Loaded Spread Footings
5.6 Unsymmetrical Footings
5.7 Wall Footings and Footings for Residential Construction
Problems
6 Special Footings and Beams on Elastic Foundations
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Rectangular Combined Footings
6.3 Design of Trapezoid—Shaped Footings
6.4 Design of Strap(or Cantilever)Footings
6.5 Modulus of Subgrade Reaction
6.6 Classical Solution of Beam on E1astic Foundation
Problems
7 Mat Foundations
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Types of Mat Foundations
7.3 Bearing Capacity of Mat Foundations
7.4 Mat Settlements
7.5 Modulus of Subgrade Reaction k,for Mats and Hates
7.6 Design of Mat Foundations
Problems
8 Mechanically Stabilized Earth and Concrete Retaining Walls
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Mechanically Reinforced Earth Walls
8.3 Design of Reinforced Earth Walls
8.4 Concrete Retaining Walls
8.5 Cantilever Retaining Walls
8.6 Wall Stability
8.7 Wall Joints
8.8 Wall Drainage
8.9 Soil Properties for Retaining Walls
8.10 General Considerations in Concrete Retaining Wall Design
8.11 Allowable Bearing Capacity
8.12 Wall Settlements
8.13 Cantilever Retaining Wall Examples
PrOblems
9 Sheet-Pile Walls:Cantilevered and Anchored
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Types and Materials Used for Sheetpiling
9.3 S0il Properties for Sheet—Pile Walls
9.4 Stability Numbers for Sheet—Pile Walls
9.5 Anchor Rods Wales and Anchorages for Sheetpiling
9.6 Overall Wall Stability and Safety Factors
Problems
10 Single Piles--Static Capacity and Lateral Loads;Pile/Pole Buckling
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Concrete Piles
10.3 Steel Piles
10.4 Corrosion of Steel Piles
10.5 Soil Properties for Static Pile Capacity
10.6 Static Pile Capacity
10.7 Pile Settlements
10.8 Static Pile Capacity:Examples
10.9 Static Pile Capacity Using Load—Transfer Load—Test Data
10.10 Tension Piles--Piles for Resisting Uplift
10.11 Larally Loaded Piles
10.12 Laterally Loaded Pile Examples
Problems
11 Pile Foundations:Groups
11.1 Single Piles Versus Pile Groups
11.2 Vertically Loaded Pile Groups
11.3 Efficiency of Pile Groups
11.4 Stresses on Underlying Strata from Piles
11.5 Settlements of Pile Groups
11.6 Pile Caps
11.7 Batter Piles
11.8 Negative Skin Friction
11.9 Laterally Loaded Pile Groups
11.10 Pile Cap Design by Computer
Problems
Appendix A
GENERAL PILE—DATA AND PILE HAMMER TABLES
References