章 绪论 ·································································································································11.1 引言··············································································································································11.2 海岸线的界定······························································································································21.2.1 海岸线的定义 ·················································································································21.2.2 海岸线的分类体系 ·········································································································31.2.3 基于遥感技术的海岸线划定方法 ·················································································61.3 江苏省岸线岸滩基本背景··········································································································61.3.1 地理位置与区域概述 ·····································································································61.3.2 自然环境状况 ·················································································································71.3.3 自然资源概况 ·················································································································91.4 江苏省岸线岸滩变化面临的主要问题····················································································101.4.1 海平面上升 ···················································································································101.4.2 风暴潮灾害 ···················································································································101.4.3 供沙条件变化 ···············································································································111.4.4 滩涂围垦开发利用 ·······································································································121.5 本章小结····································································································································12第2 章 岸线岸滩动态变化遥感研究概述 ···································································142.1 岸线岸滩监测常用遥感数据源································································································142.2 海岸线遥感提取技术发展现状································································································142.2.1 水边线遥感提取研究 ···································································································152.2.2 海岸线卫星遥感提取研究 ···························································································202.3 岸线岸滩动态变化遥感监测应用现状····················································································232.3.1 国外应用现状 ···············································································································242.3.2 国内应用现状 ···············································································································252.4 江苏省岸线岸滩动态变化研究进展························································································272.5 研究不足与解决思路················································································································302.5.1 研究不足 ·······················································································································302.5.2 解决思路 ·······················································································································312.6 本章小结····································································································································33目 次2江苏省海岸线时空变化遥感监测技术、方法与应用第3 章 基础数据与处理 ······································································································383.1 卫星遥感影像数据····················································································································383.1.1 卫星遥感影像数据收集 ·······························································································383.1.2 影像几何精校正处理 ···································································································383.1.3 影像增强处理 ···············································································································403.2 潮位观测数据····························································································································403.2.1 潮位观测数据收集 ·······································································································403.2.2 潮位过程模拟 ···············································································································423.2.3 潮汐观测数据处理 ·······································································································453.3 岸滩断面地形数据····················································································································453.3.1 岸滩断面地形数据收集 ·······························································································453.3.2 岸滩平均坡度计算 ·······································································································483.4 遥感解译结果验证数据············································································································493.5 本章小结····································································································································49第4 章 海岸线遥感判别标志 ····························································································504.1 自然岸线遥感判别标志············································································································504.2 人工岸线遥感判别标志············································································································544.3 本章小结····································································································································57第5 章 潮汐过程模拟与潮位插值处理方法 ······························································585.1 江苏省近海潮波数值模拟········································································································595.1.1 潮波数值模拟概述 ·······································································································595.1.2 潮波运动基本理论 ·······································································································615.1.3 潮波模型在江苏省近海的模拟与应用 ·······································································705.2 控制站点潮汐调和计算············································································································745.2.1 潮汐调和计算原理 ·······································································································745.2.2 T_Tide 模型潮汐调和计算 ···························································································765.2.3 影像成像时刻控制站点潮位计算 ···············································································775.3 潮位订正····································································································································795.4 潮汐分带插值校正····················································································································825.5 本章小结····································································································································83第6 章 岸线岸滩信息遥感提取与动态变化分析方法 ···········································846.1 概述············································································································································843目 录6.2 瞬时水边线遥感提取方法········································································································856.2.1 海洋水体遥感提取 ·······································································································866.2.2 海洋水体边缘特征提取 ·······························································································966.2.3 边缘提取结果矢量化 ·································································································1036.2.4 瞬时水边线遥感提取成果 ·························································································1036.3 人工岸线遥感提取方法··········································································································1056.4 植被岸线遥感提取方法··········································································································1136.5 海岸线遥感推算方法··············································································································1146.5.1 水边线分割与离散 ·····································································································1156.5.2 水边线离散点潮位插值计算 ·····················································································1196.5.3 岸滩剖面平均坡度计算 ·····························································································1196.5.4 潮位特征线推算 ·········································································································1206.5.5 海岸线合成 ·················································································································1266.6 岸线岸滩动态变化分析方法··································································································1276.6.1 海岸线变迁分析 ·········································································································1276.6.2 岸滩冲淤变化分析 ·····································································································1326.7 本章小结··································································································································135第7 章 江苏省历史岸线岸滩时空动态变化 ····························································1377.1 海岸线长度变化······················································································································1377.1.1 江苏省海岸线长度变化 ·····························································································1377.1.2 沿海三市海岸线长度变化 ·························································································1387.1.3 海岸线变化的空间表现 ·····························································································1407.2 自然岸线时空变化··················································································································1437.2.1 连云港市自然岸线时空变化 ·····················································································1437.2.2 盐城市自然岸线时空变化 ·························································································1437.2.3 南通市自然岸线时空变化 ·························································································1447.3 海岸线变迁动态······················································································································1457.3.1 江苏省海岸线变迁动态 ·····························································································1457.3.2 连云港市海岸线变迁动态 ·························································································1477.3.3 盐城市海岸线变迁动态 ·····························································································1517.3.4 南通市海岸线变迁动态 ·····························································································1557.4 岸滩变化动态··························································································································1597.4.1 岸滩平均坡度变化 ·····································································································1597.4.2 平均大潮低潮线变化 ·································································································1637.4.3 潮间带面积变化 ·········································································································1657.4.4 潮间带宽度变化 ·········································································································1667.4.5 人工岸线建设面积变化 ·····························································································1674江苏省海岸线时空变化遥感监测技术、方法与应用7.4.6 人工岸线建设面积与陆地面积变化对比 ·································································1697.5 岸线岸滩总体变化特征··········································································································1697.6 本章小结··································································································································170第8 章 江苏省现状岸线岸滩时空动态变化 ····························································1718.1 海岸线分布与组成··················································································································1718.1.1 海岸线分布 ·················································································································1718.1.2 海岸线组成 ·················································································································1748.2 海岸线变迁动态······················································································································1758.2.1 江苏省及沿海三市海岸线变迁特征 ·········································································1758.2.2 沿海市、县、区海岸线变迁特征 ·············································································1768.3 岸滩冲淤变化··························································································································1828.3.1 潮间带面积变化 ·········································································································1828.3.2 潮间带宽度变化 ·········································································································1848.3.3 潮间带体积及冲淤厚度变化 ·····················································································1858.3.4 潮间带典型断面平均坡度变化 ·················································································1888.4 植被岸线变化··························································································································1988.4.1 江苏省及沿海三市植被岸线变化 ·············································································1988.4.2 沿海市、县、区植被岸线变化 ·················································································1998.5 本章小结··································································································································214第9 章 海岸线变化趋势预测 ·························································································2159.1 海岸线变化趋势预测方法······································································································2169.1.1 灰色系统理论 ·············································································································2169.1.2 灰色系统预测模型 ·····································································································2169.2 海岸线变化预测模型应用······································································································2189.2.1 预测流程 ·····················································································································2189.2.2 预测结果检验 ·············································································································2199.2.3 盐城湿地珍禽国家级自然保护区海岸线变化预测 ·················································2199.3 本章小结··································································································································2240 章 岸线岸滩资源保护对策 ···················································································22510.1 管理建议································································································································22510.2 技术展望································································································································226

本专著深入研究了海岸线遥感提取与推算的技术方法，在提出海岸线分类体系、建立海岸线遥感提取标识的基础上，形成了适合江苏省海岸线遥感提取与岸线岸滩动态变化分析的完整方法体系，从而提取出不同时相的海岸线，为了解江苏省海岸线的现状，分析历史海岸线的时空动态变化提