This book is one of the research results of Humanities and Social Science Projects of the Ministry of Education, China. It focuses on Lin Shu's translations in the cultural context of China. An investigation of Lin Shu's translation activities in the special cultural context will contribute to our right understanding of their significance and contributions. The target-oriented translation theory, the culture-oriented translation theory and the reader's reception criticism are used to elucidate Lin Shu's translation phenomenon.

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Lin Shu: A Controversial Figure in Chinese Translation History

1.2 Significance of the Research on Lin Shu

 1.2.1 Need for Reevaluation of Lin Shu's Translations

 1.2.2 Lin Shu, Father of China's Modern Literary Translation

 1.2.3 Influence of Lin Shu's Translations

1.3 Theoretical and Empirical Contribution of the Study to Translation Studies

1.4 Structure of the Work

Chapter 2 Lin Shu's Works Within a Target-oriented/Culture-oriented Framework

2.1 Target-oriented/Culture-oriented Translation Theories

 2.l.1 Toury's Target-oriented Translation Theory

  2.1.1.1 Translators' Main Goals

  2.1.1.2 The Role and Function of Translation

  2.l.1.3 Translation Strategies

 2.1.2 Culture-oriented Translation Studies

 2.1.3 Readers' Response and Reception Theory

2.2 Cultural Translation Studies in China

 2.2.1 Target-oriented/Culture-oriented Translation Approach

 2.2.2 Contextual Analysis

 2.2.3 Textual Analysis

Chapter 3 Critical Literature Review on Lin Shu

3.1 Chinese Criticism

 3.1.1 Affirmation by Lin Shu's Contemporaries

 3.1.2 Condemnation During the May Fourth New Culture Movement .

 3.1.3 Assessment After Lin Shu's Death

  3.1.3.1 General Reviews

  3.1.3.2 Zheng Zhenduo's "Mr Lin Qinnan" ~

  3.1.3.3 Han Guang's "Lin Qinnan".

 3.1.4 Negative Criticism from 1949 to 1979

 3.1.5 Revival: 1980s Onwards

  3.1.5.1 Qian Zhongshu's "Lin Shu's Translations" ~

  3.1.5.2 New Critical Interest

3.2 Western Criticism

3.3 Key Issues in Dispute Concerning the Assessment of Lin Shu

 3.3.1 Lin Shu's Thought: Conservative or Reformist?

 3.3.2 A Pioneer or an Opponent of Modern Chinese Culture?

Chapter 4 Lin Shu in Cultural Context

4.1 Lin Shu's Translations in the Cultural Context

 4.1.1 Lin Shu's Choice and Response

4.1.1.1 In Search of Similarities

4.1.1.2 Literary Subject Matters

4.1.1.3 Literary Genres

4.1.1.4 Literary Style and Technique

 4.1.2 Output of Lin Shu's Translations

 4.1.3 Lin Shu's Translation Practice

4.1.3.1 Joint Translation

4.1.3.2 Paraphrase or Free Translation

4.2 Case Study: Bali Chahuanii Yishi--Transfiguring Chinese Fiction

 4.2.1 Ideological Content

 4.2.2 Characterization

 4.2.3 Literary Form

Chapter 5 Poetic Equivalence

5.1 Poetic Equivalence and Lin Shu

5.2 Spirit and Style

5.3 Expression in Literary Language

5.4 Sinicization

Chapter 6 Beyond Equivalence

6.1 Adaptation

6.2 Omission

 6.2.1 To Overcome "Cultural Default"

 6.2.2 Simplification for Succinctness

 6.2.3 Treatment of Western Religious Materials

6.3 Addition

 6.3.1 To Make up "a Perceived Void" in the Original Text

  6.3.2 To Embellish the Original Text

  6.3.3 To Bridge the Cultural Gap

6.4 Alteration

  6.4.1 To Heighten the Readers' Impression

  6.4.2 To Rewrite the Original Text

  6.4.3 Intervention into Translation

6.5 Abridgement

Chapter 7

An Exemplar of Chinese Literary Translation

Bibliography

Glossary

List of Lin Shu's Translated Works