新书在结构和行文上的另外一个主要变化是为了尽可能地方便教学，我们在呈现材料的同时侧重学习新思想的三个方面，即理论、概念和实现。于是对于Lawrence R. Rabiner编著的《数字语音处理理论与应用》介绍的每一个基本概念，都用很容易理解的DSP概念进行理论阐释；类似地，为了加深理解，每一个新概念都提供了简单的数学解释和精心准备的例子及插图；最后，基于教学中对基础知识的理解，针对每一个新概念的实现都提供了可实现特定的语音处理操作的MATLAB参考代码(通常包含在每一章中)，每章习题中配备了带有详尽文档作为课外练习的MATLAB习题。我们还在教学网站上提供了解决所有MATLAB习题所需的材料，包括一些特定的MATLAB代码、访问简单数据库、访问一系列的语音文件等。最后我们提供了几种语音处理系统结果的音频演示。通过这种方式，读者可以获得各种语音信号操作处理后语音质量方面的直观感觉。

《数字语音处理理论与应用(英文版)》是作者Lawrence R. Rabiner继1978年版经典教材《语音信号数字处理》之后的又一著作，全书除有简练精辟的基础知识介绍外，系统介绍了近30年来语音信号处理的新理论、新方法和在应用上的新进展。全书共14章，分四部分：第一部分介绍语音信号处理基础知识，主要包括数字信号处理基础、语音产生机理、(人的)听觉和听感知机理和声道中的声传播原理；第二部分介绍语音信号的时频域表示和分析；第三部分介绍语音参数估计算法；第四部分介绍语音信号处理的应用，主要包括语音编码、语音和音频信号的频域编码、语音合成、语音识别和自然语言理解。

《数字语音处理理论与应用(英文版)》的教学网站(http://pearsonhighered/Rabiner.com)包括本书配套的语音文件、数据库、MATLAB代码，以及一系列语音处理概念的演示。

Preface

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Digital SpeechProcessing 1

 1.1 The SpeechSignal 3

 1.2 The SpeechStack 8

 1.3 Applicationsof Digital SpeechProcessing 10

 1.4 Commentonthe References 15

 1.5 Summary 17

CHAPTER 2 Reviewof Fundamentalsof DigitalSignalProcessing 18

 2.1 Introduction 18

 2.2 Discrete-Time Signals and Systems 18

 2.3 Transform Representation of Signals and Systems 22

 2.4 Fundamentalsof DigitalFilters 33

 2.5 Sampling 44

 2.6 Summary 56

 Problems 56

CHAPTER 3 Fundamentalsof Human SpeechProduction 67

 3.1 Introduction 67

 3.2 The ProcessofSpeechProduction 68

 3.3 Short-TimeFourierRepresentationofSpeech 81

 3.4 AcousticPhonetics 86

 3.5 DistinctiveFeaturesof thePhonemesof American English 108

 3.6 Summary 110

 Problems 110

CHAPTER 4 Hearing,Auditory Models,and SpeechPerception 124

 4.1 Introduction 124

 4.2 The SpeechChain 125

 4.3 Anatomy andFunctionof theEar 127

 4.4 The Perception of Sound 133

 4.5 Auditory Models 150

 4.6 Human SpeechPerceptionExperiments 158

 4.7 MeasurementofSpeechQualityand Intelligibility 162

 4.8 Summary 166

 Problems 167

CHAPTER 5 Sound Propagationinthe HumanVocalTract 170

 5.1 The AcousticTheoryofSpeechProduction 170

 5.2 LosslessTube Models 200

 5.3 Digital Models forSampled SpeechSignals 219

 5.4 Summary 228

 Problems 228

CHAPTER 6 Time-DomainMethods for SpeechProcessing 239

 6.1 Introduction 239

 6.2 Short-TimeAnalysisofSpeech 242

 6.3 Short-TimeEnergyand Short-TimeMagnitude 248

 6.4 Short-TimeZero-Crossing Rate 257

 6.5 The Short-TimeAutocorrelation Function 265

 6.6 The Modied Short-TimeAutocorrelation Function 273

 6.7 The Short-TimeAverage Magnitude DifferenceFunction 275

 6.8 Summary 277

 Problems 278

CHAPTER 7 Frequency-DomainRepresentations 287

 7.1 Introduction 287

 7.2 Discrete-TimeFourierAnalysis 289

 7.3 Short-TimeFourierAnalysis 292

 7.4 SpectrographicDisplays 312

 7.5 OverlapAddition Methodof Synthesis 319

 7.6 Filter Bank SummationMethodof Synthesis 331

 7.7 Time-DecimatedFilter Banks 340

 7.8 Two-ChannelFilter Banks 348

 7.9 Implementationof theFBS Method Usingthe FFT 358

 7.10 OLARevisited 365

 7.11 Modicationsof theSTFT 367

 7.12 Summary 379

 Problems 380

CHAPTER 8 TheCepstrumand Homomorphic SpeechProcessing 399

 8.1 Introduction 399

 8.2 HomomorphicSystems forConvolution 401

 8.3 HomomorphicAnalysisofthe SpeechModel 417

 8.4 Computingthe Short-TimeCepstrumand ComplexCepstrum of Speech 429

 8.5 HomomorphicFilteringofNatural Speech 440

 8.6 CepstrumAnalysisofAll-Pole Models 456

 8.7 CepstrumDistanceMeasures 459

 8.8 Summary 466

 Problems 466

CHAPTER 9 Linear Predictive Analysisof SpeechSignals 473

 9.1 Introduction 473

 9.2 Basic Principles of Linear Predictive Analysis 474

 9.3 Computationofthe Gainfor theModel 486

 9.4 FrequencyDomainInterpretationsof Linear PredictiveAnalysis 490

 9.5 Solutionofthe LPCEquations 505

 9.6 The Prediction ErrorSignal 527

 9.7 SomePropertiesofthe LPCPolynomial A(z) 538

 9.8 RelationofLinear Predictive Analysisto LosslessTube Models 546

 9.9 Alternative Representationsof theLPParameters 551

 9.10 Summary 560Problems 560

CHAPTER 10 Algorithms for Estimating SpeechParameters 578

 10.1 Introduction 578

 10.2 MedianSmoothing and SpeechProcessing 580

 10.3 Speech-Background/SilenceDiscrimination 586

 10.4 ABayesianApproach toVoiced/Unvoiced/Silence Detection 595

 10.5 Pitch Period Estimation(Pitch Detection) 603

 10.6 Formant Estimation 635

 10.7 Summary 645Problems 645

CHAPTER 11 DigitalCodingof SpeechSignals 663

 11.1 Introduction 663

 11.2 Sampling SpeechSignals 667

 11.3 AStatisticalModelfor Speech 669

 11.4 Instantaneous Quantization 676

 11.5 AdaptiveQuantization 706

 11.6 QuantizingofSpeechModelParameters 718

 11.7 GeneralTheoryof DifferentialQuantization 732

 11.8 Delta Modulation 743

 11.9 DifferentialPCM (DPCM) 759

 11.10 Enhancements forADPCM Coders 768

 11.11 Analysis-by-Synthesis SpeechCoders 783

 11.12 Open-Loop SpeechCoders 806

 11.13 Applicationsof SpeechCoders 814

 11.14 Summary 819Problems 820

CHAPTER 12 Frequency-DomainCodingof SpeechandAudio 842

 12.1 Introduction 842

 12.2 HistoricalPerspective 844

 12.3 Subband Coding 850

 12.4 AdaptiveTransform Coding 861

 12.5 APerception ModelforAudioCoding 866

 12.6 MPEG-1AudioCoding Standard 881

 12.7 OtherAudioCoding Standards 894

 12.8 Summary 894Problems 895

CHAPTER 13 Text-to-SpeechSynthesis Methods 907

 13.1 Introduction 907

 13.2 Text Analysis 908

 13.3 Evolutionof SpeechSynthesis Methods 914

 13.4 Early SpeechSynthesis Approaches 916

 13.5 UnitSelection Methods 926

 13.6 TTS Future Needs 942

 13.7 Visual TTS 943

 13.8 Summary 947Problems 947

CHAPTER 14 Automatic SpeechRecognition andNatural Language Understanding 950

 14.1 Introduction 950

 14.2 Basic ASRFormulation 952

 14.3 Overall SpeechRecognition Process 953

 14.4 Buildinga SpeechRecognition System 954

 14.5 The DecisionProcessesinASR 957

 14.6 Step3:The Search Problem 971

 14.7 SimpleASR System: IsolatedDigit Recognition 972

 14.8 Performance Evaluationof SpeechRecognizers 974

 14.9 SpokenLanguage Understanding 977

 14.10 Dialog Managementand SpokenLanguage Generation 980

 14.11 User Interfaces 983

 14.12 MultimodalUserInterfaces 984

 14.13 Summary 984Problems 985

Appendices

A SpeechandAudioProcessing Demonstrations 993

B SolutionofFrequency-DomainDifferentialEquations 1005

Bibliography 1008

Index 1031