《量子物理(第三版)》由Stephen Gasiorowicz著,是国外大学开设量子力学课程选用较多的几本量子力学教材之一,内容包括量子力学简介,波粒二像性、概率波和薛定鄂方程,本征值问题等,可作为物理类专业量子力学课程的教材。
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书名 | 量子物理(第3版影印版理科类系列教材) |
分类 | 科学技术-自然科学-物理 |
作者 | (美)加西欧洛维茨 |
出版社 | 高等教育出版社 |
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简介 | 编辑推荐 《量子物理(第三版)》由Stephen Gasiorowicz著,是国外大学开设量子力学课程选用较多的几本量子力学教材之一,内容包括量子力学简介,波粒二像性、概率波和薛定鄂方程,本征值问题等,可作为物理类专业量子力学课程的教材。 内容推荐 《量子物理(第三版)》由Stephen Gasiorowicz著,是国外大学开设量子力学课程选用较多的几本量子力学教材之一,国内也有几所大学已经选用了其原版书作为主讲教材。本书的课程体系结构和我国的量子力学课程体系比较接近,非常适合国内开展双语教学使用。本书为第三版,同前两版相比,本书保持了讲解详细、数学过程尽可能简单、结合一些实际的应用来讲解量子力学的特点,同时根据使用中出现的问题对章节顺序做了相应的调整,对一些具体内容也做了适当的增删,使得本教材更适合一个学期的量子力学课程。 《量子物理(第三版)》共20章,内容包括量子力学简介,波粒二像性、概率波和薛定鄂方程,本征值问题,一维势,波动力学基本体系,量子力学算符,角动量,三维薛定鄂方程和氢原子,算符的矩阵表示,自旋,含时扰动方程Ⅰ,真实氢原子,多粒子体系,原子和分子,含时扰动方程Ⅱ,带电粒子和电磁场的相互作用,辐射,辐射相关话题,碰撞理论和量子纠缠态及其意义。 本书可作为物理类专业量子力学课程的教材,尤其适合开展双语教学的学校,对于有志出国深造的人员也是一本非常优秀的参考书。 目录 1. The Emergence of Quantum Physics 1-1 Blackbody Radiation 1-2 The Photoelectric Effect 1-3 The Compton Effect 1-4 Wave Properties of Matter and Electron Diffraction 1-5 The Bohr Atom The Rutherford Planetary Model The Bohr Postulates The Correspondence Principle Problems SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE: 1-A Einstein's Approach to Planck's Law 1-B Estimate of Lifetime of a Rutherford Atom 2. Wave Particle Duality, Probability, and the Schrodinger Equation 2-1 Radiation as Particles, Electrons as Waves 2-2 Plane Waves and Wavepackets *How Wave Packets Move 2-3 The Probability Interpretation of the Wave Function 2-4 The Schrodinger Equation 2-5 The Heisenberg Uncertainty Relations Diffraction of a Photon Beam Inability to Localize Bohr Orbits Interim Summary 2-6 More on the Probability Interpretation The Importance of Phases The Probability Current 2-7 Expectation Values and the Momentum in Wave Mechanics The Momentum in Wave Mechanics Wave Function in Momentum Space Problems SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE: 2-A The Fourier Integral and Delta Functions 2-B A Brief Tutorial on Probability 3. Eigenvalues, Eigenfunctions, and the Expansion Postulate 3-1 The Time-Independent Schrodinger Equation 3-2 Eigenvalue Equations 3-3 The Eigenvalue Problem for a Particle in a Box 3-4 The Expansion Postulate and Its Physical Interpretation The Interpretation of the Expansion Coefficients 3-5 Momentum Eigenfunctions and the Free Particle Normalization of the Free Particle Wave Function Degeneracy 3-6 Parity Problems 4. One-Dimensional Potentials 4-1 The Potential Step 4-2 The Potential Well 4-3 The Potential Barrier 4-4 An Example of Tunneling 4-5 Bound States in a Potential Well 4-6 Deltas Function Potentials 4-7 The Harmonic Oscillator Problems SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE: 4-A The Wentzel.Kramers-Brillouin-Jeffreys Approximation 4-B Tunneling in Nuclear Physics 4-C Periodic Potentials The Kronig-Penney Model 5. The General Structure of Wave Mechanics 5-1 Eigenfnnctions and Eigenvalues The Hamiltonian Operator 5-2 Other Observables The Interpretation of the Expansion Coefficients 5-3 Vector Spaces and Operators 5-4 Degenemcy and Simultaneous Observables 5-5 Time Dependence and the Classical Limit Problems SUPPLEMENT ON THE WEB SITE: 5.A Uncertainty Relations 6. Operator Methods in Quantum Mechanics 6-1 Rephrasing Wave Mechanics--An Abstract View of Quantum Mechanics Projection Operators 6-2 The Energy Spectrum of the Harmonic Oscillatur 6-3 From Operators Back to the Schrtdinger Equation 6-4 The Time Dependence of Operators Problems 7. Angular Momentum 7-1 The Angular Momentum Commutation Relations 7-2 Raising and Lowering Operators for Angular Momentum 7-3 Representation of │l,m> States in Spherical Coordinates 7-4 Comments on the Expansion Theorem Problems SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE: 7-A Rotational lnvariance Invariance Under Rotations About the z-Axis 7-B Angular Momentum in Spherical Coordinates 8. The Schrodinger Equation in Three Dimensions and the Hydrogen Atom 8-1 The Central Potential 8-2 The Hydrogen Atom 8-3 The Energy Spectrum The Degeneracy of the Spectrum 8-4 The Free Particle 8-5 Particle in an Infinite Spherical Well Problems SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE: 8-A A Useful Theorem 8-B The Square Well, Continuum Solutions The Plane Wave Spherical Harmonics 9. Matrix Representation of Operators 9-1 Matrices in Quantum Mechanics 9-2 Matrix Representations of Angular Momentum Operators 9-3 General Relations in Matrix Mechanics Problems 10. Spin 10-1 Eigenstates of Spin 1/2 10-2 The Intrinsic Magnetic Moment of Spin 1/2 Particles 10-3 Paramagnetic Resonance 10-4 Addition of Two Spins 10-5 The Addition of Spin 1/2 and Orbital Angular Momentum General Rules for Addition of Angular Momenta Problems SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE: 10-A The Addition of Spin l/2 and Orbital Angular Momentum (Details) General Rules for Addition of Angular Momenta, and Implications for Identical Particles 10-B The Levi-Civita Symbol and Maxwell's Equations 11. Time-Independent Perturbation Theory 11-1 Energy Shifts and Perturbed Eigenstates 11-2 Degenerate Perturbation Theory 11-3 The Stark Effect The Stark Effect for n=2 States Some Final Comments Problems 12. The Real Hydrogen Atom 12-1 Relativistic Kinetic Energy Effects 12-2 Spin-Orbit Coupling 12-3 The Anomalous Zeeman Effect 12-4 Hyperfine Structure 12-5 Comments on Reduced Mass Effects Problems 13. Many Particle Systems 13-1 The Two-Particle System 13-2 Identical Particles The Exchange Operator 13-3 The Pauli Principle N Fermions in a Potential Well When Is Antisyrarnetrization Necessary? 13-4 The Exclusion Principle and the Two-Particle Problem A Digression on Parity 13-5 The Exclusion Principle and Noninteracting Particles 13-6 Applications Degeneracy Pressure and Bulk Modulus Astrophysical Application Problems SUPPLEMENT ON THE WEB SITE: 13-A ConservationofTotalMomentum 14. About Atoms and Molecules 14-1 The Helium Atom without Electron-Electron Repulsion Effects of the Exclusion Principle 14-2 Effects of Electron-Electron Repulsion 14-3 Exclusion Principle and Exchange Interaction Autoionization 14-4 The Ritz Variational Principle The Ground-State Energy of Helium 14-5 The Atom with Z Electrons 14-6 The Simplest Molecule H+2 Molecular Orbitals 14-7 Molecular Spectra The Role of the Pauli Principle in Molecular Spectra Problems SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE: 14-A The Hartree Approximation 14-B The Building.Up Principle Spectroscopic Description of Ground States 14-C A Brief Discussion of Molecules The H2 Molecule The Valence Bond Method The Importance of Unpaired Valence Electrons 15. Time-Dependent PerturbationTheory 15-1 Formalism 15-2 Harmonic Time-Variation of the Potential 15-3 Phase Space Problems SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE: 15-A Lifetimes, Lincwidths, and Resonances 15-B The Interaction Picture 16. The Interaction of Charged Particles with the Electromagnetie Field 16-1 Classical Electrodynamics 16-2 The Schrodinger Equation for an Electron in Interaction with Electromagnetic Field 16-3 The Constant Magnetic Field Classical Limit 16-4 Landau Levels 16-5 The Integral Quantum Hall Effect 16-6 An Additional Comment on Gauge Invariance Problems SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE: 16-A TheAharov-Bohm Effect 16-B A Little about Bessel Functions 17. Radiative Decays 17-1 Transition Rate 17-2 Calculation of the Matrix Element 17-3 Angular Integration and Selection Rules 17-4 The 2p→ls Transition Problems SUPPLEMENT ON THE WEB SITE: 17. A SpinandlntensityRules 18. Selected Topics on Radiation 18-1 Lasers Conditions for the Operation of a Laser Optical Pumping The Cavity 18-2 The Cooling of Atoms 18-3 The Two-Level System 18-4 The Three-Level System 18-5 Observation of Quantum Jumps 18-6 The Mossbauer Effect SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE: 18-A Quantizing the Electromagnetic Field without Frills 18-B Details of the Three.Level System Dark States Electromagnetically Induced Transparency 19. Collision Theory 19-1 Collision Cross Section Elastic and Inelastic Scattering 19-2 Scattering at Low Energies The Breit-Wigner Formula S-Wave Scattering for Square Well Connection between Scattering Amplitude and Binding Energy Spin-Dependent Scattering 19-3 The Born Approximation 19-4 Scattering of Identical Particles Scattering by Atoms on a Lattice 19-5 An Inelastic Process: The Photoelectric Effect Problems 20. Entanglement and Its Implications 20-1 The Two-Slit Experiment and Which-way Information 20-2 The Quantum Eraser 20-3 Entanglement and EPR 20-4 Quantum Measurements Decoherence and the Schrodinger Cat SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE: 20-A Which.way Measurements and the Quantum Eraser 20-B The Creation of GHZ States 20-C The Density Operator Pure State Mixed State Physical Constants References Index |
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