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书名 量子物理(第3版影印版理科类系列教材)
分类 科学技术-自然科学-物理
作者 (美)加西欧洛维茨
出版社 高等教育出版社
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《量子物理(第三版)》由Stephen Gasiorowicz著,是国外大学开设量子力学课程选用较多的几本量子力学教材之一,内容包括量子力学简介,波粒二像性、概率波和薛定鄂方程,本征值问题等,可作为物理类专业量子力学课程的教材。

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《量子物理(第三版)》由Stephen Gasiorowicz著,是国外大学开设量子力学课程选用较多的几本量子力学教材之一,国内也有几所大学已经选用了其原版书作为主讲教材。本书的课程体系结构和我国的量子力学课程体系比较接近,非常适合国内开展双语教学使用。本书为第三版,同前两版相比,本书保持了讲解详细、数学过程尽可能简单、结合一些实际的应用来讲解量子力学的特点,同时根据使用中出现的问题对章节顺序做了相应的调整,对一些具体内容也做了适当的增删,使得本教材更适合一个学期的量子力学课程。

《量子物理(第三版)》共20章,内容包括量子力学简介,波粒二像性、概率波和薛定鄂方程,本征值问题,一维势,波动力学基本体系,量子力学算符,角动量,三维薛定鄂方程和氢原子,算符的矩阵表示,自旋,含时扰动方程Ⅰ,真实氢原子,多粒子体系,原子和分子,含时扰动方程Ⅱ,带电粒子和电磁场的相互作用,辐射,辐射相关话题,碰撞理论和量子纠缠态及其意义。

本书可作为物理类专业量子力学课程的教材,尤其适合开展双语教学的学校,对于有志出国深造的人员也是一本非常优秀的参考书。

目录

1. The Emergence of Quantum Physics

 1-1 Blackbody Radiation

 1-2 The Photoelectric Effect

 1-3 The Compton Effect

 1-4 Wave Properties of Matter and Electron Diffraction

 1-5 The Bohr Atom

The Rutherford Planetary Model

The Bohr Postulates

The Correspondence Principle

 Problems

 SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE:

 1-A Einstein's Approach to Planck's Law

 1-B Estimate of Lifetime of a Rutherford Atom

2. Wave Particle Duality, Probability, and the Schrodinger Equation

 2-1 Radiation as Particles, Electrons as Waves

 2-2 Plane Waves and Wavepackets

*How Wave Packets Move

 2-3 The Probability Interpretation of the Wave Function

 2-4 The Schrodinger Equation

 2-5 The Heisenberg Uncertainty Relations

Diffraction of a Photon Beam

Inability to Localize Bohr Orbits

Interim Summary

 2-6 More on the Probability Interpretation

The Importance of Phases

The Probability Current

 2-7 Expectation Values and the Momentum in Wave Mechanics

The Momentum in Wave Mechanics

Wave Function in Momentum Space

 Problems

 SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE:

 2-A The Fourier Integral and Delta Functions

 2-B A Brief Tutorial on Probability

3. Eigenvalues, Eigenfunctions, and the Expansion Postulate

 3-1 The Time-Independent Schrodinger Equation

 3-2 Eigenvalue Equations

 3-3 The Eigenvalue Problem for a Particle in a Box

 3-4 The Expansion Postulate and Its Physical Interpretation

The Interpretation of the Expansion Coefficients

 3-5 Momentum Eigenfunctions and the Free Particle

Normalization of the Free Particle Wave Function

Degeneracy

 3-6 Parity

 Problems

4. One-Dimensional Potentials

 4-1 The Potential Step

 4-2 The Potential Well

 4-3 The Potential Barrier

 4-4 An Example of Tunneling

 4-5 Bound States in a Potential Well

 4-6 Deltas Function Potentials

 4-7 The Harmonic Oscillator

 Problems

 SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE:

 4-A The Wentzel.Kramers-Brillouin-Jeffreys Approximation

 4-B Tunneling in Nuclear Physics

 4-C Periodic Potentials

The Kronig-Penney Model

5. The General Structure of Wave Mechanics

 5-1 Eigenfnnctions and Eigenvalues

The Hamiltonian Operator

 5-2 Other Observables

The Interpretation of the Expansion Coefficients

 5-3 Vector Spaces and Operators

 5-4 Degenemcy and Simultaneous Observables

 5-5 Time Dependence and the Classical Limit

 Problems

 SUPPLEMENT ON THE WEB SITE:

 5.A Uncertainty Relations

6. Operator Methods in Quantum Mechanics

 6-1 Rephrasing Wave Mechanics--An Abstract View of Quantum Mechanics

Projection Operators

 6-2 The Energy Spectrum of the Harmonic Oscillatur

 6-3 From Operators Back to the Schrtdinger Equation

 6-4 The Time Dependence of Operators

 Problems

7. Angular Momentum

 7-1 The Angular Momentum Commutation Relations

 7-2 Raising and Lowering Operators for Angular Momentum

 7-3 Representation of │l,m> States in Spherical Coordinates

 7-4 Comments on the Expansion Theorem

 Problems

 SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE:

 7-A Rotational lnvariance

Invariance Under Rotations About the z-Axis

 7-B Angular Momentum in Spherical Coordinates

8. The Schrodinger Equation in Three Dimensions

 and the Hydrogen Atom

 8-1 The Central Potential

 8-2 The Hydrogen Atom

 8-3 The Energy Spectrum

The Degeneracy of the Spectrum

 8-4 The Free Particle

 8-5 Particle in an Infinite Spherical Well

 Problems

 SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE:

 8-A A Useful Theorem

 8-B The Square Well, Continuum Solutions

The Plane Wave Spherical Harmonics

9. Matrix Representation of Operators

 9-1 Matrices in Quantum Mechanics

 9-2 Matrix Representations of Angular Momentum Operators

 9-3 General Relations in Matrix Mechanics

 Problems

10. Spin

 10-1 Eigenstates of Spin 1/2

 10-2 The Intrinsic Magnetic Moment of Spin 1/2 Particles

 10-3 Paramagnetic Resonance

 10-4 Addition of Two Spins

 10-5 The Addition of Spin 1/2 and Orbital Angular Momentum

General Rules for Addition of Angular Momenta

 Problems

 SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE:

 10-A The Addition of Spin l/2 and Orbital Angular Momentum (Details)

General Rules for Addition of Angular Momenta, and Implications

for Identical Particles

 10-B The Levi-Civita Symbol and Maxwell's Equations

11. Time-Independent Perturbation Theory

 11-1 Energy Shifts and Perturbed Eigenstates

 11-2 Degenerate Perturbation Theory

 11-3 The Stark Effect

The Stark Effect for n=2 States

Some Final Comments

 Problems

12. The Real Hydrogen Atom

 12-1 Relativistic Kinetic Energy Effects

 12-2 Spin-Orbit Coupling

 12-3 The Anomalous Zeeman Effect

 12-4 Hyperfine Structure

 12-5 Comments on Reduced Mass Effects

 Problems

13. Many Particle Systems

 13-1 The Two-Particle System

 13-2 Identical Particles

The Exchange Operator

 13-3 The Pauli Principle

N Fermions in a Potential Well

When Is Antisyrarnetrization Necessary?

 13-4 The Exclusion Principle and the Two-Particle Problem

A Digression on Parity

 13-5 The Exclusion Principle and Noninteracting Particles

 13-6 Applications

Degeneracy Pressure and Bulk Modulus

Astrophysical Application

 Problems

 SUPPLEMENT ON THE WEB SITE:

 13-A ConservationofTotalMomentum

14. About Atoms and Molecules

 14-1 The Helium Atom without Electron-Electron Repulsion

Effects of the Exclusion Principle

 14-2 Effects of Electron-Electron Repulsion

 14-3 Exclusion Principle and Exchange Interaction

Autoionization

 14-4 The Ritz Variational Principle

The Ground-State Energy of Helium

 14-5 The Atom with Z Electrons

 14-6 The Simplest Molecule H+2

Molecular Orbitals

 14-7 Molecular Spectra

The Role of the Pauli Principle in Molecular Spectra

 Problems

 SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE:

 14-A The Hartree Approximation

 14-B The Building.Up Principle

Spectroscopic Description of Ground States

 14-C A Brief Discussion of Molecules

The H2 Molecule

The Valence Bond Method

The Importance of Unpaired Valence Electrons

15. Time-Dependent PerturbationTheory

 15-1 Formalism

 15-2 Harmonic Time-Variation of the Potential

 15-3 Phase Space

 Problems

 SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE:

 15-A Lifetimes, Lincwidths, and Resonances

 15-B The Interaction Picture

16. The Interaction of Charged Particles with the Electromagnetie Field

 16-1 Classical Electrodynamics

 16-2 The Schrodinger Equation for an Electron in Interaction with Electromagnetic Field

 16-3 The Constant Magnetic Field

Classical Limit

 16-4 Landau Levels

 16-5 The Integral Quantum Hall Effect

 16-6 An Additional Comment on Gauge Invariance

 Problems

 SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE:

 16-A TheAharov-Bohm Effect

 16-B A Little about Bessel Functions

17. Radiative Decays

 17-1 Transition Rate

 17-2 Calculation of the Matrix Element

 17-3 Angular Integration and Selection Rules

 17-4 The 2p→ls Transition

 Problems

 SUPPLEMENT ON THE WEB SITE:

 17. A SpinandlntensityRules

18. Selected Topics on Radiation

 18-1 Lasers

Conditions for the Operation of a Laser

Optical Pumping

The Cavity

 18-2 The Cooling of Atoms

 18-3 The Two-Level System

 18-4 The Three-Level System

 18-5 Observation of Quantum Jumps

 18-6 The Mossbauer Effect

 SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE:

 18-A Quantizing the Electromagnetic Field without Frills

 18-B Details of the Three.Level System

Dark States

Electromagnetically Induced Transparency

19. Collision Theory

 19-1 Collision Cross Section

Elastic and Inelastic Scattering

 19-2 Scattering at Low Energies

The Breit-Wigner Formula

S-Wave Scattering for Square Well

Connection between Scattering Amplitude and Binding Energy

Spin-Dependent Scattering

 19-3 The Born Approximation

 19-4 Scattering of Identical Particles

Scattering by Atoms on a Lattice

 19-5 An Inelastic Process: The Photoelectric Effect

 Problems

20. Entanglement and Its Implications

 20-1 The Two-Slit Experiment and Which-way Information

 20-2 The Quantum Eraser

 20-3 Entanglement and EPR

 20-4 Quantum Measurements

Decoherence and the Schrodinger Cat

 SUPPLEMENTS ON THE WEB SITE:

 20-A Which.way Measurements and the Quantum Eraser

 20-B The Creation of GHZ States

 20-C The Density Operator

Pure State

Mixed State

Physical Constants

References

Index

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