本书不仅讨论了教师如何教的问题，还讨论了学生如何学的问题，重点讨论了如何为学习者提供有利的、丰富的语言环境和在课堂内外如何创设这样的环境。内容涉及教学理论、学习理论、语言知识的学习和交际能力的培养、课堂组织、教学评估等，还探讨了如何进行启发式、交互式、合作式教学，如何促进学生的自主学习与继续学习能力，如何利用和开发现代化教育技术，以及教师职业素质的培养与发展等问题。力求在吸收国内外外语教学领域最新成果的基础上结合中国实际，探索既能满足学习者的需要和社会需求，同时又能反映外语教师的总体和个体需要的教学方法和策略，以使学生能从语言知识、语言技能、文化意识、情感态度和学习策略诸方面得到全面的发展。本书适用于师范院校英语专业的学生和从事外语教学及研究的外语教育工作者。

Chapter 1 General Introduction

1.1 Background Knowledge of Language Teaching and Learning

 1.1.1 Views of language

 1.1.2 Views of teaching

 1.1.3 Views of learning

1.2 Context of Language Teaching and Learning

 1.2.1 Educational context

 1.2.2 Socio-cultural context

 1.2.3 Language context

1.3 A Brief History of ELT Methodology

 1.3.1 The traditional approaehes

 1.3.2 The structural approaches

 1.3.3 Communicative Language Teaching

1.4 Summary

Questions and tasks

Chapter 2 Understanding Foreign Lauguage Learning

2.1 Second Language Acquisition Theories

 2.1.1 Krashen's Theory of Second Language Acqdisttion

 2.1.2 Acculturation Theory

 2.1.3 Accommodation Theory

 2.1.4 Discourse Theory

 2.1.5 Interlanguage Theory

 2.1.6 Chornsky's Universal Grammar

2.2 Learner Factors

 2.2.1 Age

 2.2.2 Aptitude

 2.2.3 Learning styles

 2.2.4 Personality

 2.2.5 "Attitude

 2.2.6 Motivation

2.3 Learning Strategies

 2.3.1 Cognitive strategies

 2.3.2 Metacognitive strategies

 2.3.3 Social and affective _strategies

2.4 Good Language Learners

2.5 Summary

Questions and tasks

Chapter 3 Principles of Language Teaching and Learning

3.1 Curriculum Design

 3.1.1 Curriculum and syllabus

 3.1.2 Curriculum

 3.1.3 Syllabus

3.2 Different Syllabuses

 3.2.1 Analytic and synthetic syllabus

 3.2.2 Type A and Type B syllabus

 3.2.3 Structural syllabus

 3.2.4 Functionat~syllabus

3.3 Principles of.Foreign Language Teaching and Learning

 3, 3.1 Shift from product to process

 3.3.2 Shift from teacher-centerdness to learner-centeredness

 3.3.3 Shift from explanation to exploration

 3.3.4 Shift from sentence to discourse

3.4 Aims and Objectives of Foreign Language Teaching and Learning

 3.4.1 Aims

 3.4.2 Objectives

 3.4.3 Guidelines

3.5 Summary

Questions and tasks

Chapter 4 Teaching and Learning Language Knowledge

4.1 Introduction

 4.1.1 Form, meaning, and function

 4.1.2 Relationships

 4.1.3 Implications for language teaching and learning

4.2 Teaching and Learning Phonological Items

 4.2.1 Fundamental issues

 4.2.2 Basic concepts

 4.2.3 Presenting phonological items

 4.2.4 Practicing phonological items

 4.2.5 Two sample activities

4.3 Tesching and Learning Lexical Items

 4.3.1 Principles for presenting and practicing texical items

 4.3.2 Showing meanings of a lexical item

 4.3.3 Activating known vocabulary

 4.3.4 Expanding vocabulary

4.4 Teaching and Learning Structural Items

 4.4.1 Showing meaning of a new structure

 4.4.2 Presenting the form of a new structure

 4.4.3 Presenting functions of a new structure

 4.4.4 Practicing ~truetures

4.5 Summary

Questions and treks

Chapter 5 Developing Language Skills

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Principles for Developing Receptive Skills

 5.2.1 Guidelines

 5.2.2 Sub-SkillS

 5.2.3 Materials

5.3 Developing Listening Skill

 5.3.1 Major difficulties in listening

 5.3.2 Preparation for listening

 5.3.3 Listening strategies

 5.3.4 Listening activities

5.4 Developing Reading Skill

 5.4.1 Reasons for reading

 5.4.2 Reading strategies

 5.4.3 Procedures for teaching a reading class

 5.4.4 Reading activities

5.5 Principles for Developing Productive Skills

 5.5.1 Nature of communication

 5.5.2 Guidelines

 5.5.3 Differences betweeen oral and written communication

5.6 Developing Speaking Skill

 5.6.1 Preparation for oral communication

 5.6.2 Speaking activities

5.7 Developing Writing Skill

 5.7.1 Basic issues

 5.7.2 Controlled writing, guided writing, and free writing

 5.7.3 Procedures for teaching free writing

 5.7.4 Creating good assignments for students

5.8 Integrating Skills

 5.8.1 Reasons for integration

 5.8.2 Examples of integration

5.9 Summary

Questions and tasks

Chapter 6 Intetractionin the Classroom

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Chapter 7 Promoting Learner Autonomy

Chapter 8 Enhancing Teaching Performance

Chapter 9 Evaluating and Improving Learning Outcomes

Chapter 10 Developing Professional Expertise

Bibliography