penal
['pi:.nəl] adjective
PUNISHING 惩罚的
[before noun]
■of or connected with punishment given by law 刑罚的；惩诫（性）的•Many people believe that execution has no place in the penal system of a civilized society.许多人认为文明社会的刑罚制度中不应有死刑。 •He had been in and out of penal institutions (= prison) from the age of 16.他自16岁起多次被捕入狱。
['pi:.nəl] adjective
CAUSING DISADVANTAGE 产生不良影响的 UK having a harmful effect; causing disadvantage 产生有害影响的；使处于不利地位的；苛刻的•They complained about the penal and counter-productive tax rates.他们抱怨税率繁重、不利生产。 •Employees regarded the childcare charges as penal.员工都认为托儿费很苛刻。 |