内容推荐 W.格雷纳、L.内瑟、H.斯托克著的《热力学和统计力学(英文版)》共有四部分。(一)热力学:平衡和态量;热力学定律;相变和化学反应;热力势。(二)统计力学:微态和熵的数;系统理论和微正则系统;正则系统;玻耳兹曼统计应用;宏观正则系统。(三)分量子统计包括密度算符;多粒子波动函数的对称性;理想量子系统的巨正则描述;理想玻色气体;理想费密气体;玻色和费密气体的相对应用。(四)实气体和相变:实气体;相变分类。 本书不仅对理论物理专业的大学生、教师、研究生及研究人员是难得的好书,对广大爱好理论物理学的各方面人士也有很好的参考价值。 目录 Foreword Preface I Thermodynamics 1. Equilibrium and State Quantities Introduction Systems, phases and state quantities Equilibrium and temperature the zeroth law of thermodynamics Kinetic theory of the ideal gas Pressure, work and chemical potential Heat and heat capacity The equation of state for a real gas Specific heat Changes of state--reversible and irreversible processes Exact and inexact differentials, line integrals 2. The Laws of Thermodynamics The first law Carnot's process and entropy Entropy and the second law Insertion: Microscopic interpretation of entropy and of the second law Global and local equilibrium Thermodynamic engines Euler's equation and the Gibbs-Duhem relation 3. Phase Transitions and Chemical Reactions Gibbs' Phase Rule Phase equilibrium and the Maxwell construction The law of mass action Application of the laws of thermodynamics 4. Thermodynamic Potentials The principle of maximum entropy Entropy and energy as thermodynamic potentials The Legendre transformation The free energy The cnthalpy The free enthalpy The grand potential The transformation of all variables The Maxwell relations Jacobi transformations Thermodynamic stability II Statistical Mechanics 5. Number of Microstates Ω and Entropy S Foundations Phase space Statistical definition of entropy Gibbs' paradox Pseudo quantum mechanical counting of Ω 6. Ensemble Theory and Microcanonical Ensemble Phase-space density, ergodic hypothesis Liouville's theorem The microcanonical ensemble Entropy as an ensemble average The uncertainty function 7. The Canonical Ensemble General foundation of the Gibbs correction factor Systems of noninteracting particles Calculation of observables as ensemble averages Connection between microcanonical and canonical ensembles Fluctuations Vh-ial theorem and equipartition theorem For better understanding: canonical ensemble as the mean value of all possible distributions 8. Applications of Boltzmann Statistics Quantum Systems in Boltzmann Statistics Paramagnetism Negative temperatures in two-level systems Gases with internal degrees of freedom Relativistic ideal gas 9. The Macrocanonical Ensemble Fluctuations in the macrocanonical ensemble III Quantum Statistics 10. Density Operators Fundamentals Pure and mixed states Properties of the density matrix The density operators of quantum statistics 11. The Symmetry Character of Many-Particle Wavefunctions 12. Grand Canonical Description of Ideal Quantum Systems 13. The Ideal Bose Gas Ultrarelativistic Bose gas 14. Ideal Fermi Gas The degenerate Fermi gas Supplement: Natural units 15. Applications of Relativistic Bose and Fermi Gases Quark-gluon plasma in the Big Bang and in heavy-ion collisions IV Real Gases and Phase Transitions 16. Real Gases For absorption: Mayer's cluster expansion Virial expansion 17. Classification of Phase Transitions Theorem of corresponding states Critical indices Examples for phase transitions 18. The Models of Ising and Helsenberg Index
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