List of Contributors
Preface
1. Introduction
1.1 Chemical Reaction Engineering
1.2 Conversion and Yield of Chemical Reactions
1.2.1 Extent of Reaction
1.2.2 Conversion
1.2.3 Yield and Selectivity
1.3 Classifications of Chemical Reactors
1.4 Operation Modes of Chemical Reactors
1.5 Models in Reactor Design
1.6 Scale-Up of Industrial Reactors
Further Reading
Problems
2. Fundamentals of Reaction Kinetics
2.1 Reaction Rate
2.2 Reaction Rate Equations
2.3 Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate
2.4 Multiple Reactions
2.4.1 Consumption Rate and Formation Rate
2.4.2 Basic Types of Multiple Reactions
2.4.3 Reaction Network
2.5 Transformation and Integration of Reaction Rate Equations
2.5.1 Single Reaction
2.5.2 Multiple Reactions
2.6 Heterogeneous Catalysis and Adsorption
2.6.1 Heterogeneous Catalysis
2.6.2 Adsorption and Desorption
2.7 Kinetics of Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions
2.7.1 Steady-State Approximation and Rate-Determining Step
2.7.2 Rate Equations of Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions
2.8 Determination of Kinetic Parameters
2.8.1 Integration Method
2.8.2 Differential Method
2.9 Procedure for Developing Reaction Rate Equation
Further Reading
Problems
3. Tank Reactor
3.1 Mass Balance for Tank Reactor
3.2 Design of Isothermal Batch Tank Reactor(Single Reaction)
3.2.1 Calculation of Reaction Time and Reaction Volume
3.2.2 Optimal Reaction Time
3.3 Design of Isothermal Batch Tank Reactor (Multiple Reactions)
3.3.1 Parallel Reactions
3.3.2 Consecutive Reactions
3.4 Reactor Volume for Continuous Tank Reactor (CSTR)
3.5 CSTR in Series and Parallel
3.5.1 Overview
3.5.2 Calculations for Multiple Reactors in Series
3.5.3 Optimal Reaction Volume Ratio for CSTR in Series
3.6 Yield and Selectivity for Multiple Reactions in a Tank Reactor
3.6.1 Overall Yield and Overall Selectivity
3.6.2 Parallel Reactions
3.6.3 Consecutive Reactions
3.7 Semibatch Tank Reactor
3.8 Nonisothermal Batch Reactor
3.9 Steady-State Operation of CSTR
3.9.1 Heat Balance for CSTR
3.9.2 Steady-States of CSTR
Summary
Further Reading
Problems
4. Tubular Reactor
4.1 Plug Flow
4.2 Design of Isothermal Tubular Reactor
4.2.1 Single Reaction
4.2.2 Multiple Reactions
4.2.3 Pseudo Homogeneous Model
4.3 Comparison of Reactor Volumes of Tubular and Tank Reactors
4.4 Recycle Reactor
4.5 Nonisothermal Tubular Reactor
4.5.1 Heat Balance Equation for Tubular Reactor
4.5.2 Adiabatic Tubular Reactor
4.5.3 Nonadiabatic Nonisothermal Tubular Reactor
4.6 Optimal Temperature Sequence for Tubular Reactors
4.6.1 Single Reaction
4.6.2 Multiple Reactions
Further Reading
Problems
5. Residence Time Distribution and Flow Models for Reactors
5.1 Residence Time Distribution
5.1.1 Overview
5.1.2 Quantitative Delineation of RTD
5.2 Experimental Determination of RTD
5.2.1 Pulse Experiments
5.2.2 Step Experiments
5.3 Statistical Eigenvalues of RTD
5.4 RTD of Ideal Reactors
5.4.1 Plug-Flow Model
5.4.2 Perfectly-Mixed Flow Model
5.5 Nonideal Flow Phenomenon
5.6 Nonideal Flow Models
5.6.1 Segregation Model
5.6.2 Tanks-in-Series Model
5.6.3 Axial Dispersion Model
5.7 Design of Nonideal Reactors
5.8 Mixing of Fluids in Flow Reactors
Further Reading
Problems
6. Chemical Reaction and Transport Phenomena in Heterogeneous System
6.1 Steps in Heterogeneous Reactions
6.1.1 Macroscopic Structures and Properties of Solid Catalyst Particles
6.1.2 Steps in a Catalytic Reaction
6.2 Heat and Mass Transfer Between Bulk Fluid and the Catalyst External Surface
6.2.1 Transport Coefficient
6.2.2 Concentration and Temperature Difference Between the E

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