本书是作者这两年思考研究改革问题的成果汇集。2007年以来，作者研究的重点大都放在发展阶段变化、政府转型、公共服务体制与行政管理体制改革等方面。2008年国际金融危机以来，作者把关注的重点更多地放在反危机中的改革政策研究上。在这方面，作者所在的中改院做了较为深入的研究，产生了一些有分量的研究成果。某些观点，例如基本公共服务均等化、反危机重在深化改革等，对相关的政策决策起到了一定的参考作用。

Preface: Next Three Decades: Second Round of Reforms / 1

Chapter I: Historic Opportunities for Post-Crisis Reforms

Section I Crisis Emphasizes Necessity of Reforms / 14

 I. Advent of Age for Major Worldwide Economic Restructuring / 14

 II. End to Age of Mass Import and Export / 25

 III. End to Age of High Investment and High Growth / 29

 IV. Post-Crisis Age Highlights Necessity of Reforms / 36

Section II Crisis Brings forth New Opportunities for Reforms / 38

 I. Emerging Economies in Post-Crisis Age: New Challenges,, New Roles and New Models / 39

 II. Big-Power Responsibilities and Roles / 47

 III. Advent of Age of RMB Internationalization / 53

Section III Reform Trend in Post-Crisis Age / 57

 I. Reforms beyond Economic Growth Mode / 58

 II. Strategic Breakthroughs for Reforms in Post-Crisis Age / 60

 III. More Active Opening Strategy for Big Power / 66

Chapter II: New Development-Oriented Stage and New Starting Point of Second Round of Reforms

Section I China Enters New Development-oriented Stage / 79

 I. Survival and Development Are Two Interlinked Development Stages / 79

 II. Historical Transition from Survival-Oriented Stage to Development-Oriented

 Stage / 82

 III. Reform Factors in Development Stage Transition / 92

Section II Strategic Upgrading of Demand Structure in New

Development-oriented Stage / 99

 I. From Daily Necessities to Consumer Durables / 100

 II. From Personal Products to Public Products / 103

 III. From Material Development to Human Development / 106

Section III Prominent Contradictions Confronting New

Development-oriented Stage / 108

 I. Prominent Contradiction between Rapid Economic Development and

 Uneven Development and Resource and Environmental Constraints / 109

 II. Prominent Contradiction between All-Round Rapid Growth of Public

 Demand and Shortage of Public Products / 110

 III. Prominent Contradiction between Economic Development and Social

 Progress and Lagging Public Governance Construction / 114

 IV. New Development-Oriented Stage Brings Changes to Reform

 Environment / 115

Section IV Practical Demand of the Second-wave Reforms in the

New Period of Development / 117

 I. Usting of Transformation of the Mode of Development as a Basic Target of

 the Second Wave of Reforms / 118

 II. The Second-wave Reform Targeting Mainly at Development Mode

 Transformation / 133

 Ill. Development of Three Forces through the Second-round Reform / 142

Chapter III: Reforms in a Consumption-Directed Era

Section I Arrival of a Consumption-driven Era/148

 I. The Mode of Economic Growth in the Production-centered Era and That in

 the Consumption-driven Era / 148

 II. Unsustainability of the Production-centered Mode of Economic Growth / 152

 III. Historical Opportunities for China's Transformation from a Big Manufacturer

 to a Major Consumer/156

 IV. Reform Options for Transformation of the Production-centered Mode into a

 Consumption-drive One / 167

Section II Reform Options during the Era of, Urbanization / 172

 I. Urbanization Is a Strategic Step to Promote Consumption and Develop a

 Major Consumer Power / 172

 II. Urbanization: The Key to Expanding Domestic Demands / 175

 III. China's huge space for development of urbanization / 180

 IV. Multiple Ways for Urbanization Acceleration in China / 183

 V. Breakup of the Dualistic Urban-rural System Structure, a Key for Promoting

 Urbanization in a Consumption-driven Era / 186

Section III Reforms in an Era of Low-carbon Economic

Development / 190

 I. Unsustainability of a High-carbon Economy / 190

 II. China's Challenges to Develop a Low-carbon Economy / 196

 III. Great Business Opportunities from Development of New Energies and a

 Low-carbon Economy / 199

 IV. Reform Options in the Era of a Low-carbon Economy / 203

Section IV Arduous Tasks Ahead for Market-oriented Reforms / 207

 I. Keeping to Its Basic Direction of Market-oriented Reforms/'207

 II. Acceleration of Reform of the Monopoly Sectors / 211

 III. Acceleration of System Construction for Boosting Developme.nt of tile

 Private Sector / 215

 IV. Acceleration of the Employment System Reform / 218

 V. Acceleration of the Fiscal and Tax System Reform/221

 VI. Acceleration of the Financial System Reform / 224

Chapter IV: Reforms in an Era Short of Public Products

Section I An Era Short of Public Products Supply / 230

 I. Changes in the Public Demands of the Society / 230

 II. Practical Pressures in the Supply of Basic Public Services / 232

Section II Full Display of the Historical Role of Basi(~Public

Services / 235

 I. Spotlighting of Basic Public Services in Efforts to Boost

 Domestic Demand / 236

 II. Full Display of the Role of Basic Pu~ic Services in Narrowing the Income

 Distribution Gap / 245

 III. Supply of Basic Public Services: the Key to Promote All-round Personal

 Development / 248

 IV. Basic Public Services: a Key for Perfecting Governance of the

 Rural Areas / 250

Section III Acceleration of Efforts in Development of the Basic

Public Service System / 254

 I. Major Tasks in Development of a Basic Public ServiCe System during the

 New Period / 255

 II. Increase of Investment in Basic Public Services / 276

 III. Major Measures for Development of the Basic Public Service System

 during the New Period / 281

Section IV The Building of the Safety Valve under the

Development Trend of the Civil Society / 295

 I. Taking the Safety Valve as an Important Public Product

 of the New Stage / 296

 II. Establishing a Safety Valve That Meets the Changes in Public Needs / 299

 Ill. Giving Play to the Important Role of Nongovernmental Organizations in

 Social Consultation / 302

Section V Promoting the Building of a Development-Oriented

Social System in Proactive Social Policies / 305

 I. Strengthening Public Employment Services / 306

 II. Accelerating the Pace of Promoting the Reform of the Income Distribution

 System / 312

Chapter V: The Reform of the Era of Government Transformation

Section I The Transition in the Development Mode Challenges

Government Transformation / 318

 I. The Transition of the Economic Growth Mode and Government

 Transformation / 318

 II. Changes in Public Needs and Government Transformation / 324

 III. The Government's Self-building and Government Transformation / 327

Section II Government Transformation and

the Government's Role / 330

 I. The Government and the Market in Transformation / 330

 II. The Government's Role in the Crisis / 339

 III. The Government's Basic Public Service Functions / 347

Section III The Administrative Management System Reform with

Government Transformation as the Main Line ! 355

 I. Accelerating the Pace of Establishing Institutional Guarantees for Public

 Duties / 356

 II. Substantially Promoting Reform for the Separate Establishment of the

 Three Powers of Decision-making, Implementation and Supervision within the

 Scope of the Administrative System / 361

 III. Giving Priority to the Reform of Public Institutions and Accelerating the

 Pace of Establishing a Public Service System / 364

Section IV Government Transformation and the Government's

Self-Building are a Profound Reform / 369

 I. Accelerating the Pace of Promoting the Government's Self-building / 369

 II. The Goals of Strengthening the Government's Self-building / 371

Concluding Remarks: Second Round of Reform:Advancing Towards a Structural Reform

I. Several Judgments on China's Transformation of the Development Mode

and Reform / 382

II. Prominent Characteristics of the Structural Reform of the New Stage / 385

III. Carrying out the Economic Stimulus Package Plan and the Reform

Package Simultaneously / 388

IV. Strengthening Comprehensive Coordination of Reform / 393