As software engineering moves into its fourth decade of existence,it suffers from many of the strengths and some of the frailties that are experienced by humans of the same age.The innocence and enthusiasm of its early years have been replaced by more reasonable expectations fostered by years of experience.Software engineering approaches its midlife with many accomplishments,but with significant work yet to do.Today,it is recognized as a legitimate discipline,one worthy of serious research,conscientious study,and tumultuous debate.Throughout the industry,"software engineer"has replaced"programmer"as the job title of preference.Software process models,software engineering methods,and software tools have been adopted successfully across abroad spectrum of industry applications.Managers and practitioners alike recognize the need for amore disciplined approach to software.