本书是英语专业工商管理双语教学教材系列之一。本书简要地概述了各职能领域最重要的基本概念、基本原理和主要理论，在每本书后加入了这门学科的相关重要术语，并对术语的词头进行了中文释义。对于商务英语类专业的双语教学来说，该系列丛书内容详略得当，语言准确流畅，是一套值得信赖的英语专业工商管理双语教学的系列教材。希望此系列教材能够丰富商务英语类专业的课程设置，满足广大师生的需求，同时也希望我国商务英语教育蓬勃发展!

Part 1 Operations 5

Introduction  5

A central function  6

Some differences between manufacturing and non-manufacturing industries  7

Identifying the operations function  a

Conflicting objectives and changing solutions  11

The relationship between operations and other functional areas  13

The key activities of operations management  16

The design of operations systems

Product design  17

Forecasting demand and capacity planning  19

Equipment design  20

Work design  20

Location decisions  22

The design of operations networks  23

Managing the operating system  24

Operations planning  24

Operations control  27

Quality planning, control and assurance  28

Methods of quality control, assurance and improvement  29

Benchmarking  31

Business process re-engineering  31

Total quality management  32

Supply chain management  34

Purchasing issues in supply chain management  37

Supply chain management techniques  39

Just-in-time  39

Operations and the environment  42

Operations, the economy and the state  42

Operations and technology 43

Robotics  43

Flexible manufacturing systems  44

Operations and labour  45

Taylorism and deskilling  46

Solutions to the problems ofdeskiUing 47

Payment systems  48

Cultural influences and operations  48

Organizational aspects of operations  50

Operations and organization size  50

Operations and organization structure  50

Organizational goals and culture  52

Operations strategies  53

Lean production  58

Evaluating operations strategies  61

Summary  66

Discussion questions  67

Further reading  68

part2 Innovation

Introduction  69

Identifying the concepts  71

Invention and innovation  71

Research, development and design  73

Types of R&D  75

Entrepreneurship  78

What is entrepreneurship?  79

A model of entrepreneurship  80

The environmental aspects of innovation  83

The role of the economy  83

Innovation and long-wave cycles  84

Innovation and specific measures of economic performance  84

The role of the state  88

Types of state intervention in innovation  89

Procurement  89

Subsidies  89

Education and training  90

Patents and licensing  91

Restrictive and enabling laws  91

Import controls  92

Some problems with state intervention in innovation  92

Cultural and national differences  95

National differences  96

Innovation in Japan  97

Innovation in the UK  98

Innovation and technology  99

Organizational aspects of innovation

Organizational size and goals  102

Innovation and organization structure  104

The role of organization culture  107

Innovation and management strategies

Types of strategy  112

'First to the market'strategy  112

'Follower'strategies  113

Integration-strategy, structure and culture  114

Constraints to effective innovation strategy  115

Summary  120

Discussion questions  121

Further reading  122

Glossary  123