本书为“世界寓言精选”（英汉读本）中的一本。寓言是当今文学作品中最不可思议的一种体裁。它往往是利用一个饶有趣味的故事，来说明深刻的道理：它在激情中闪烁着理性的智慧光芒，在讽喻中又不乏幽默和情趣。通过这些寓意深长的故事，它能让你多侧面、多视角地去认识世界，认识社会，认识人生……本书，异彩缤纷的寓言故事，就会像流云一样，把你带到那精彩而又生动的故事世界里去。书中的每一个故事都附有插图，逼真生动，可谓图文并茂。对青少年而言具有启迪思维，体会人生哲理与丰富学识的积极作用。

《世界寓言经典丛书》概括了世界各国著名的寓言故事，其中有些寓言甚至可追溯到2500年前。

丛书中的寓言故事蕴涵着丰富的人生哲理与深刻的生活经验。这些故事都闪烁着璀璨的智慧光芒。它们有助于启迪思维、激发创造潜能，同时对认识人生世相、明辨是非及体认人性的尊严与生命的真谛，也能发挥启发性的积极作用。

本丛书共l0本，总共收录了来自50多个国家及地区的逾500个精彩的寓言故事。每个故事都寄寓着不朽的道德价值与生活理念。

1 The Orang—utan in the Cage 1(Ming Dynasty-Liu Ji)

笼中猿猴(中国明朝-刘基)

2 The Zhen and the Snake

 (Sui-Tang and The Five Dynasties-Wu Nengzi)

 鸩蛇相遇(中国隋唐五代-《无能子》)

3 The Peacock’S Tail (Ming Dynasty-Geng Dingxiang)

孔雀爱尾(中国明朝-耿定向)

4 Getti ng a Good Cat(Qing Dynasty-Le Jun)

好猫难求(中国清朝-乐钓)

5 The Un repentant Hound(Song Dynasty-Su Shi)

不思改过的猎狗(中国宋朝-苏轼)

6 Two Snakes Crossing the Road fPre-Qin Period-Han Feil

两蛇过路(中国先秦-韩非)

7 A Rich Man Begging for a Goat

 (Wei-Jin and The Northern-Southern Dynasties-Xiao Yi)

 富人讨羊(中国魏晋南北朝-肖绎)

8 Zhi Gong and His Beloved Cranes

 (Wei-Jin and The Northern-Southern Dynasties-Liu Yiqing、

 支公爱鹤(中国魏晋南北朝-刘义庆)

9 The Wren Building a Nest(Pre-Qin Period—Xun Kuang)

蒙鸠筑巢(中国先秦-荀况)

10 The Deer-hunting Trick

 (Pre-Qin Period-strategies of the Warring States)

 妙计猎鹿(中国先秦-《战国策》)

11 A Wildcat Stealing Chickens(Ming Dynasty-Liu Ji)

野猫偷鸡(中国明朝-刘基)

12 Breaking Arrows

 (Wei—Jin and The Northern-Southern Dynasties-Wei Shou)

 折箭(中国魏晋南北朝-魏收)

13 The Cormorant．the Fish-hunter(Ming Dynasty—Xu Fang)

鸬鹚捕鱼(中国明朝-徐芳)

14 An Argument about the Sun(Pre-Qin Period-Lie Zil

两小儿辩日(中国先秦-《列子》)

15 Who Framed the OW J?

 (Sui—Tang and The Five Dynasties-Wu Nengzi、

 被冤枉的猫头鹰(中国隋唐五代-《无能子》)

16 The Shepherd Boys and the Wolf(Qing Dynasty-Pu Songlin)

 牧童与狼(中国清朝-蒲松龄)

17 The Crow and the Magpie(Ming Dynasty-Jiang Yingke)

乌鸦和喜鹊(中国明朝-江盈科)

18 The Untamed Wolves(Qing Dynasty-Ji Yun)

狼子野心(中国清朝一纪昀)

19 The Brothers in Joint Fa rming

 (Ming Dynasty-The Owner of Fu Bai)

 兄弟合种田(中国明朝-浮白主人)

20 AChange OfColourfPre-QinPeriod—LieZi)

杨布打狗(中国先秦-《列子》)

21 The Short-sighted Swallows(Kong Congzi—Lun Shi)

短视的燕子(中国-《孔丛子论势》)

22 The Yue Man and the Rats fMing Dynasty—Song Lian)

越人灭鼠(中国明朝-宋濂)

23 The Donkey in Guizhou

 (Sui—Tang and The Five Dynasties—Liu Zongyuan)

 黔驴技穷(中国隋唐五代-柳宗元)

24 D rawing a Snake

 （Pre—in Period—Strategies of the Warring States)

 画蛇添足(中国先泰-《战国策》)

25 Marking a Boat(Pre—Qin Period—Lu Shi Chunqiu)

刻舟求剑(中国先秦-《吕氏春秋》)

26 The Upright OfficiaI fPre—Qin Period—Han Fei)

西门豹做官(中国先秦-韩非)

27 Ji Chang Lea rning Archery(Pre—Qin Period—Lie Zi)

纪昌学射箭(中国先秦-《列子》)

28 The Man Who Fancied Dragons(Pre-Qin Period-Shen Buhai)

叶公好龙(中国先秦-申不害)

29 Two Mutually-dependent Nations

 (Pre-Qin Period-Chunqiu Zuo Shi Zhuan)

 唇亡齿寒(中国先秦-《春秋左氏传》)

30 The Miser

(Wei-Jin and The Northem-Southern Dynasties-Handan Chun)

守财奴(中国魏晋南北朝 邯郸淳)

31 Drawing a Ghost(Pre-Qin Period-Han Fei)

画鬼最易(中国先秦-韩非)

32 Having It Both Ways(Han Dynasty-Ying Shao)

东食西宿(中国两汉-应劭)

33 The Snake in the Wine Vessel(Han Dynasty-Ying Shao)

杯弓蛇影(中国两汉-应劭)

34 G rinding an I ran Pestle to a Needle

 (Ming Dynasty-Chen Renxi)

 铁棒麾成针(中国明朝-陈仁锡)

35 The Archifecf’S Skill

 (Sui-Tang and The Five Dynasnes-Liu Zongyuan)

 建筑师的本领(中国隋唐五代-柳宗元)

36 The Deer That Befriended Docls

 (Sui—Tang and The Five Dynasties-Liu Zongyuan)

 临江之鹿(中国隋唐五代-柳宗元)

37 The Jade Of He Shi(Pre-Qin Period-Han Fei)

和氏献璧(中国先秦-韩非)

38 The Old Horses That Knew the Way(Pre-Qin Period-Han Fei)

老马识途(中国先秦-韩非)

39 Negotiating for a Whim

 (Wei-Jin and The Northern-Southern Dynasties-Fu Lang)

 与狐谋庋(中国魏晋南北朝-苻朗)

40 A Gand Swimmer fPre-Qin Period-Lu Shi Chunqiu)

其父善漩(中国先秦-吕氏春秋)

41 The Steed and the Ho rse App raiser

 (Pre-Qin Period-Strategies of the Warring States)

 千里马遇伯乐(中国先秦-《战国策》)

42 When Bian Que Met King Huan(Pre-Qin Period-Han Fei)

扁鹊见蔡恒公(中国先秦一韩非)

43 The Art 0f Stealing(Pre-Qin Period-Lie Zi)

会偷之道(中国先秦-《列子》)

44 The Blind Man and the Sun(Song Dynasty-Su Shi)

眶子和太阳(中国宋朝 苏轼)

45 The Pheasant and the Phoenix(Pre-Qin Period-Yin Wen)

野鸡与凤凰(中国屯泰-尹文)

46 Moving Mountains fPre—Qin Period-Lie Zi)

愚公移山(中国先秦-《列子》)

47 The Fie rce Dog in the Wine Sto re(Pre-Qin Period-Han Fei)

狗凶酒酸(中国先秦-韩非)

48 Dying with Rottin0 Intesfines

(Wei-Jin and The Northern-Southern-Dynasties Handan Chun)

肠烂将死(中国魏晋南北朝-邯郸淳)

49 Learning Another Language(Pre-Qin Period-Meng ke)

楚人学齐语(中国先秦-孟轲)

50 A Matter of Dignity(Han Dynasty-Dai Sheng)

嗟来之食(中国两汉-载圣)

51 The Casket and the Pearl(Pre-Qin Period—Han Fei)

买匣子还珍珠(中国先秦-韩非)

52 Swallowing a Date without Chewing lt

 (Yuan Dynasty-Bai Ting)

 囫囵吞枣(中国元朝～白廷)

53 Abandoning a Precious Jade

 (Pre—Qin Period—Zhuang Zhou)

 林回弃璧(中国先秦-座周)

54 Beauty and Plainness(Pre-Qin Period-Han Fei)

美妾与丑妾(中国先秦一韩非)

55 A Missing Goat at the Crossroads(Pre-Qin Period-Lie Zi)

歧路亡羊(中国先秦-《列子》)

56 Keeping up Appearances(Pre—Qin Period—Meng Ke)

齐人显阔(中国先秦-孟轲)

57 Never Too Late to Mend

 (Pre—Qin Period—Strategies of the Warring States)

 亡羊补牢(中国先秦-《战国策》)

The Orang-utan in the Cage笼中猿猴

 Once upon a time，a mail in the state ofWu kept an orang-utan in a cage for as long as a decade．One day，the man became merciful and thought，“The orang-utanis normally brought up in a natural environment，but Ihave been SO cruel as to keep it here in the cage．This isjust not fair to it．”So he brought the orang-utan downthe mountain and set it free．

On the second night，the orang-utan returned to its master．The man thought the place where he releasedthe orang-utan was too close to home，SO he took theorang-utan to a valley near some remote mountains． However，the poor orang—utah had been kept in the cage for such a long time that he could not get used to a new environment in which he had to fend for himself。Finally，he died of hunger amidst his moans and groans．

古时候，有个吴国人，在笼子里养了一只猿猴，前后已经十年了。有一天，这人产生了怜悯之情，心想：“猿猴本是生长在大自然的怀抱中，我却残忍地将它关进笼子里，这样『故对这只猿猴实在不公平。”于是就把它送到山脚下，让它走了。

没过两夜，这只猿猴又走回来了。这人以为把它放得不够远，就又把它抬着走到很远的地方，一直送到深山大谷里去。

可是，这只猿猴因为长年累月关在笼子里，早已忘掉了它本来的习性，因而不知怎么寻觅食物，终于存哀鸣声中饿死了。Moral故事哲理：

 One who is dependent on others for too long wiff have scrious problems when left alone.

长期依赖别人，不与实际生活接触，就会丧失独立生活的能力。P1-3

PREFACE

A fable is an interesting short story intended to impart a philosophy of life or to tell a moral lesson. Since time immemorial, most fables from around the world have animals as their main characters sharing humanly mind and sentiment. They speak the human language and are as emotional as you and I.

Around the sixth century B.C. in India, a Sanskrit version of Panchatantra was believed to be the earliest fables in our entire planet. Later, fables from Aesop, La Fontaine, Lessing and Kriloff were made known to the public in Greece, France, Germany and Russia respectively. In the meantime, a myriad of fabulous stories were rife in ancient China during the Spring and Autumn period, and the period of the Warring States. These fables were mostly published in the works of various scholars. The more famous ones include Zhuang Zhou, Meng Ke, Han Fei and so on. Many postHan dynaSty fabulists hadalso come out with fantastic stories which serve as a link between the past and the future.

Despite their imaginative features, these ancient and modern fables from around the world boast of being "the language of human wisdom" as the storylines are practically true-to-life. The fabulists often gain various experiences and les sons from our everyday life, pick up the moist typical ones, polish them up and turn them into fabulous stories through personification, exaggeration, bsymbolization, simile, metaphor and other literary skills, providing the general audience with well-intentioned guidance and practical advice. They serve to help us gain a better understanding and management of everyday life, including our words and deeds.

As an effort to share various brilliant fabulous masterpieces from around the world with our gen eral audience, Penerbit Arowana Sdn Bhd hascompiled and published a series of books entitled "World's Great Fables". Some of the most interesting fables were painstakingly selected, rewritten in a simple style, and enhanced with lively and attractive illustrations.

"World's Great Fables" is a set of readers which can be enjoyed by both the young and the old.

                   Heng Kay Song

                   Lecturer

            Department of Chinese Studies

            University of Malaya

序

寓言，是通过一个生动、有趣的小故事，来阐发人生的哲理和寄托道德的教训。古今中外，绝大多数的寓言都是以飞禽走兽作为故事的“主人公”，但是它们的思想感情却是人的思想感情，它们也说人所说的话，拥有人的七情六欲，因此这些飞禽走兽实际上就是“人的化身”。

大约在公元前六世纪左右，印度出现了梵文本的《五卷书》，它可能是世上最早的寓言故事。后来，在希腊出现了《伊索寓言》，在法国出现了《拉封丹寓言》、 在德国出现了《莱辛寓言》，在俄国出现了《克雷洛夫寓言诗》等等。至于口国，早在几乎同个时候的春秋战国时代，也涌现了大量的寓言故事。这些寓言故事大多散布在诸子的著作里。其中尤以，《庄子》、《孟子》、《韩非子》等子书上的寓言，最为脍炙人口。汉代以后的寓言家也扮演承先启后的角色，撰写了许多非常精彩的寓言故事。

这些古今中外的寓言故事，虽具有虚构、幻想的特点，可是它们的虚构与幻想却是扎根于人类生活的现实基础上，可说是“人类智慧的语言”。寓言的作者们，从人类生活的实践中积累了各种各样的经验与教训，从中选择最有代表性的某一些，加以提炼，并通过“拟人”、“夸张”、“象征”、“譬喻”等表现手法，写成了寓言故事，为广大的读者提供善意的指导与警诫性的规劝。它们既能帮助我们认识生活，也能帮助我们驾驭生活，指导日常的言与行。

金龙鱼出版社为了让广大的读者分享来自世界各国寓言家的智慧结晶品，特编撰了一套《世界寓言精选》，精心选择最有代表性、最精彩的寓言故事，以浅白流畅的文字配以生动优美的插图，图文并茂地呈现给读者。更难能可贵的是在每一则寓言的末尾，编者还提纲挈领地指出寓言所蕴含的人生哲理。

我认为这一套《世界寓言精选》是一套益智的健康读物，不仅适合儿童阅读，同时也适合青少年，甚至成年人阅读，可谓“老少咸宜”。

马来西亚大学中文系

王介英讲师