适读人群 ：本书可作为高等院校测控技术与仪器、电子信息工程、自动化、电气工程、系统工程、电子科学与技术等专业高年级本科生教材，也可作为相关专业研究生教学用书，还可供相关领域的科研人员、工程技术人员参考。

本书系统、全面地阐述了智能传感器理论基础及应用技术，可供相关领域的科研人员、工程技术人员参考。

目 录

第1 章 绪论 ···············································································································.1

1.1 传感器技术概述 ································································································.1

1.2 现代传感器技术 ···································································································.2

1.2.1 现代传感器技术特征 ····················································································.2

1.2.2 集成/固态传感器的特点 ··············································································.2

1.3 智能传感器概述 ······································································································.3

1.3.1 智能传感器的定义 ························································································.3

1.3.2 智能传感器的特点 ·····························································································.5

1.3.3 智能传感器的组成 ·····························································································.6

1.3.4 智能传感器的形式 ···························································································.7

1.3.5 传感器智能化的途径 ·························································································.8

1.3.6 智能传感器的发展及趋势······················································································.8

1.3.7 智能传感器的开发重点 ························································································.9

1.4 智能传感器中的软件方法 ························································································.9

1.4.1 软件子模块 ·······································································································.10

1.4.2 预处理 ··············································································································.10

1.4.3 状态监测与故障检测模块 ······················································································.11

1.5 智能传感器的实现方式 ··························································································.12

1.5.1 非集成化智能传感器 ···················································································.12

1.5.2 集成化智能传感器 ·······················································································.12

1.5.3 智能传感器混合集成 ·······················································································.13

参考文献 ·················································································································.14

第2 章 智能传感器智能化功能及其实现技术 ·····························································.15

2.1 智能传感器的基本功能 ······················································································.15

2.1.1 智能传感器的自检技术 ··················································································.15

2.1.2 智能传感器的自动校准技术 ··········································································.20

2.1.3 智能传感器的量程自动转换技术········································································.23

2.1.4 智能传感器的标度变换技术 ··············································································.26

2.2 智能传感器测量数据处理 ·····················································································.28

2.2.1 测量数据的非数值处理 ·····················································································.28

2.2.2 系统误差的数据处理 ·······················································································.33

2.2.3 随机误差的数据处理 ·················································································.42

参考文献 ···········································································································.45

第3 章 智能传感器信息处理技术 ···········································································.46

3.1 概述 ·············································································································.46

3.2 预测滤波器 ····································································································.46

3.2.1 多项式预测滤波器 ··············································································.46

3.2.2 灰色预测滤波器 ····························································································.47

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前 言

传感器是自动控制系统中用于获取信息的关键器件。一方面，自动化技术水平越高，自动控制系统对传感器技术的依赖程度越高；另一方面，传感器测量值的准确性和有效性直接影响自动控制系统的性能。

在近20 年来，传感器技术的重要发展方向之一是智能传感器。随着材料科学、大规模集成电路及微型处理器的不断进步，智能传感器得到了空前的发展。据报道，由于智能传感器具有强大的信号处理功能，大多数系统工程师都倾向于建议采用智能传感器进行自动控制系统的开发与设计。传统传感器一直被用于自动控制系统以测量各种过程参数。当信号调理电路与传感器连接时，可以有效地提高传感器的性能。信号调理操作在自动控制系统中非常常见，并且在测量和过程控制领域已经普遍应用。随着微处理器和数字处理技术的出现，这种信号调理操作得到了迅速发展。人们发现这些技术对自动控制系统性能具有良好的促进作用。许多配备了微处理器的智能传感器吸引了大量的消费者。微处理器对智能传感器提供了硬件支持与软件载体，使得智能传感器信息处理技术得到进一步发展。

本书内容共7 章，讨论了一些实用的智能传感器信息处理技术并介绍了几种智能传感

器的典型应用案例。编者一直致力于研究智能传感器及其信息处理，本书是编者多年来在智能传感器领域的科研成果积累和教学经验的总结，凝聚了近年来诸多新的研究成果。本书部分章节内容涉及多位同人的工作，部分内容已在国内外相关刊物上发表。宋凯编写第5、6、7 章，陈寅生编写第3、4 章，张洪泉编写第1、2 章并统稿。

本书所涉及的研究内容得到了基础加强重点项目（2019-JCJQ-ZD-235-00）、国家自然科学基金（61803128、61473095、61327804、61201306、60971020）、国家重点项目（2016YFE0110500、2006AA040101）、中国博士后科学基金（2020M670920）、航天科学技术基金（ JZJJX20190013 、JZ20180213 、JZ20170204 ）、黑龙江省级财政资助项目（GX17A014）、国家重点实验室开放项目（SKT1905）和黑龙江省博士后基金（LBH-Z19167）的支持。在本书出版之际，致以诚挚的感谢！

由于编者水平有限，书中定然存在不足之处，希望广大读者批评指正。

编 者

2020 年5 月