Preface
1 Introduction
2 Fundamental Observations
2.1 The Night Sky is Dark
2.2 The Universe is Isotropic and Homogeneous
2.3 Redshift is Proportional to Distance
2.4 Different Types of Particles
2.5 Cosmic Microwave Background
Exercises
3 Newton versus Einstein
3.1 The Way of Newton
3.2 The Special Way of Einstein
3.3 The General Way of Einstein
3.4 Describing Curvature
3.5 The Robertson–Walker Metric
3.6 Proper Distance
Exercises
4 Cosmic Dynamics
4.1 Einstein’s Field Equation
4.2 The Friedmann Equation
4.3 The Fluid and Acceleration Equations
4.4 Equations of State
4.5 Learning to Love Lambda
Exercises
5 Model Universes
5.1 Evolution of Energy Density
5.2 Empty Universes
5.3 Single-component Universes
5.3.1 Matter only
5.3.2 Radiation only
5.3.3 Lambda only
5.4 Multiple-component Universes
5.4.1 Matter+Curvature
5.4.2 Matter+Lambda
5.4.3 Matter+Curvature+Lambda
5.4.4 Radiation+Matter
5.5 Benchmark Model
Exercises
6 Measuring Cosmological Parameters
6.1 “A Search for Two Numbers”
6.2 Luminosity Distance
6.3 Angular-diameter Distance
6.4 Standard Candles and H
6.5 Standard Candles and Acceleration
Exercises
7 Dark Matter
7.1 Visible Matter
7.2 Dark Matter in Galaxies
7.3 Dark Matter in Clusters
7.4 Gravitational Lensing
7.5 What’s the Matter
Exercises
8 The Cosmic Microwave Background
8.1 Observing the CMB
8.2 Recombination and Decoupling
8.3 The Physics of Recombination
8.4 Temperature Fluctuations
8.5 What Causes the Fluctuations
Exercises
9 Nucleosynthesis and the Early Universe
9.1 Nuclear Physics and Cosmology
9.2 Neutrons and Protons
9.3 Deuterium Synthesis
9.4 Beyond Deuterium
9.5 Baryon–Antibaryon Asymmetry
Exercises
10 Inflation and the Very Early Universe
10.1 The Flatness Problem
10.2 The Horizon Problem
10.3 The Monopole Problem
10.4 The Inflation Solution
10.5 The Physics of Inflation
Exercises
11 Structure Formation: Gravitational Instability
11.1 The Matthew Effect
11.2 The Jeans Length
11.3 Instability in an Expanding Universe
11.4 The Power Spectrum
11.5 Hot versus Cold
11.6 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations
Exercises
12 Structure Formation: Baryons and Photons
12.1 Baryonic Matter Today
12.2 Reionization of Hydrogen
12.3 The First Stars and Quasars
12.4 Making Galaxies
12.5 Making Stars
Exercises
Epilogue
Table of Useful Constants
Index

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