Preface
Acknowledgements
Introduction
1 Basics of photonic crystal fibers
1.1 From conventional optical fibers to PCFs
1.2 Guiding mechanism
1.2.1 Modified total internal reflection
1.2.2 Photonic bandgap guidance
1.3 Properties and applications
1.3.1 Solid-core fibers
1.3.2 Hollow-core fibers
1.4 Loss mechanisms
1.4.1 Intrinsic loss
1.4.2 Confinement loss
1.4.3 Bending loss
1.5 Fabrication process
1.5.1 Stack-and-draw technique
1.5.2 Extrusion fabrication process
1.5.3 Microstructured polymer optical fibers
1.5.4 OmniGuide fibers
1.6 Photonic crystal fibers in the market
Bibliography
2 Guiding properties
2.1 Square-lattice PCFs
2.1.1 Guidance
2.1.2 Cutoff
2.2 Cutoff of large-mode area triangular PCFs
2.3 Hollow-core-modified honeycomb PCFs
2.3.1 Guidance and leakage
2.3.2 Birefringence
Bibliography
3 Dispersion properties
3.1 PCFs for dispersion compensation
3.2 Dispersion of square-lattice PCFs
3.3 Dispersion-flattened triangular PCFs
3.3.1 PCFs with modified air-hole rings
3.3.2 Triangular-core PCFs
Bibliography
4 Nonlinear properties
4.1 Supercontinuum generation
4.1.1 Physics of supercontinuum generation
4.1.2 Highly nonlinear PCFs
4.1.3 Dispersion properties and pump wavelength
4.1.4 Influence of the pump pulse regime
4.1.5 Applications
4.2 Optical parametric amplification
4.2.1 Triangular PCFs for OPA
4.2.2 Phase-matching condition in triangular PCFs
4.3 Nonlinear coefficient in hollow-core PCFs
Bibliography
5 Raman properties
5.1 Ran]an effective area and Raman gain coefficient
5.2 Raman properties of triangular PCFs
5.2.1 Silica triangular PCFs
5.2.2 Tellurite triangular PCFs
5.2.3 Enlarging air-hole triangular PCFs
5.3 Raman properties of honeycomb PCFs
5.4 PCF Raman amplifiers
5.4.1 Model for PCF Raman amplifiers
5.4.2 Triangular PCF Raman amplifiers
5.5 Impact of background losses on PCF Raman amplifiers
5.6 Multipump PCF Raman amplifiers
Bibliography
6 Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers
6.1 Model for doped-fiber amplifiers
6.2 EDFAs based on honeycomb and cobweb PCFs
6.3 EDFAs based on triangular PCFs
Bibliography
A Finite Element Method
A.1 Formulation
A.2 PCF parameter evaluation
Bibliography
Index