出版说明 iv
序 v
Guide to Worked Examples xi
Preface xv
About the Author xviii
List of Symbols xix
CHAPTER 1
Introduction 1
1-1 Conduction Heat Transfer 1
1-2 ThermaI Conductivity 5
1-3 Convection Heat Transfer 10
1-4 Radiation Heat Transfer 12
1-5 Summary 13
Review Questions 15
Problems 15
References 19
CHAPTER 2
Steady-State Conduction——One Dimension 21
2-1 Introduction 21
2-2 The P1ane Wall 21
2-3 Insulation and R Values 22
2-4 Radial Systems 23
2-5 The Overall Heat-rIlansfer Coefficient 27
2-6 Critical Thickness of Insulation 33
2-7 Heat-Source Systems 35
2-8 Cylinder with Heat Sources 37
2-9 Conduction-Convection Systems 39
2-10 Fins 42
2-11 ThelTnal Contact Resistance 51
Review Questions 54
List of Worked Examples 54
Problems 55
References 69
CHAPTER 3
Steady-State Conduction--Multiple
Dimensioas 71
3-1 Introduction 71
3-2 Mathematical Analysis of Two-Dimensional Heat Conduction 71
3-3 The Conduction Shape Factor 76
3-4 Numerical Method of Analysis 81
3-5 Gauss-Seidel Iteration 91
3-6 Accuracy Considerations 93
3-7 Summary 97
Review Questions 98
bst of Worked Examples 98
Problems 98
References 114
CHAPTER 4
Unsteady-State Conduction 117
4-1 Introduction 117
4-2 Lumped-Heat-Capacity System 119
4-3 Transient Heat F10W in a Semi-Infinite Solid 121
4-4 Convection Boundary Conditions 125
4-5 Muhidimensional Systems 140
4-6 Summary 147
Review Questions 148
List of Worked Examples 148
Problems 149
References 169
CHAPTER 5
Principles of Convection 171
5-1 Introduction 171
5-2 Viscous Flow 171
5-3 Inviscid Flow 174
5-4 Laminar Boundary Layer on a Flat P1ate 178
5-5 Energy Equation of the Boundary Layer 184
5-6 The Thermal Boundary Layer 187
5-7 The Relation Between Fluid Friction and Heat Transfer 197
5-8 Turbulent-Boundary-Layer Heat Transfer 199
5-9 Turbulent-Boundary-Layer Thickness 206
5-10 Heat Transfer in Laminar Tube Flow 209
5-11 Turbulent F10W in a Tube 213
5-12 Summary 215
Review Questions 215
List of Worked Examples 217
Problems 217
References 225
CHAPTER 6
Empirical and Practical Relations for Forced-Convection Heat Transfer 227
6-1 Introduction 227
6-2 Empirical Relations for Pipe and Tube Flow 229
6-3 Flow Across Cylinders and Spheres 243
6-4 Flow Across Tube Banks 253
6-5 Summary 258
Review Questions 260
List of Worked Examples 260
Problems 261
References 270
CHAPTER 7
Natural Convection Systems 273
7-1 Introduction 273
7-2 Free-Convection Heat Transfer on a Vertical F1at Plate 273
7-3 Empirical Relations for Free Convection 278
7-4 Free Convection from Vertical Planes and Cylinders 280
7-5 Free Convection from Horizontal Cyhnders 286
7-6 Free Convection from Horizontal Plates 288
7-7 Free Convection from Inclined Surfaces 290
7-8 Nonnewtonian Fluids 291
7-9 Simplified Equations for Air 291
7-10 Free Convection from Spheres 292
7-11 Free Convection in Enclosed Spaces 293
7-12 Summary 299
7-13 Summary Procedure for all Convection Problems 299
Review Questions 300
List of Worked Examples 302
Problems 302
References 312
CHAPTER 8
Radiation Heat Transfer 317
8-1 Introduction 317
8-2 Physical Meehanism 317
8-3 Radiation Properties 3 19
8-4 Radiation Shape Factor 326
8-5 Relations Between Shape Factors 336
8-6 Heat Exchange Between Nonblackbodies 342
8-7 Infinite Parallel Surfaces 349
8-8 Radiation Shields 354
8-9 Gas Radiation 358
8-10 Radiation Network for an Absorbing and Transmitting Medium 359
8-11 Radiation Exchange with Specular Surfaces 364
8-12 Formulation for Numerical Solution 368
8-13 Solar Radiation 383
8-14 Radiation Properties of the Environment 388
8-15 Effect of Radiation on Temperature Measurement 391
8-16 The Radiation Heat-Transfer Coefficient 392
8-17 Summary 393
Review Questions 394
List of Worked Examples 394
Problems 395
References 417
CHAPTER 9
Condensation and Boiling Heat Transfer 419
9-1 Introduction 419
9-2 C0ndensation Heat-Transfer Phenomena 419
9-3 The Condensation Number 424
9-4 Film Condensation Inside Horizontal Tubes 425
9-5 Boiling Heat Transfer 428
9-6 Simplified Relations for Boiling Iteat Transfer with Water 439
9-7 The Heat PiDe 441
Review Questions 443
List of Worked Examples 443
Problems 443
References 448
CHAPTER 10
Heat Exchangers 451
10-1 Introduction 451
10-2 The Overall Heat-Transfer Coefficient 451
10-3 Fouling Factors 457
10-4 Types of Heat Exchangers 458
10-5 The Log Mean Temperature Difference 461
10-6 Effectiveness-NTU Method 470
10-7 Compact Heat Exchangers 481
10-8 Heat-Exchanger Design Considerations 485
Review Questions 485
List of Worked Examples 485
Problems 486
References 502
APPENDIX A
Tables 505
A-1 The Error Funcfion 505
A-2 Property Values for Metals 506
A-3 Properties of Nonmetals 509
A-4 Properties of Saturated Liquids 512
A-5 Properties of Air at Atmospheric Pressure 514
A-6 Properties of Gases at Atmospheric Pressure 5 15
A-7 Physical Properties of Some Common Low-Mehing-Point Metals 517
A-8 Diffusion Coefficients of Gases and Vapors in Air at 25℃and 1 atm 517
A-9 Properties of Water(Saturated Liquid) 518
A-10 Normal Total Emissivity of Various Surfaces 519
A-11 Steel-Pipe Dimensions 521
A-12 Conversion Factors 522