随着本科生英语教学改革的不断深入和发展，研究生英语教学的重点应转向培养学生的应用能力，而写作能力的培养是其中的一个重要环节。本书在梳理学生以往学习到的英语知识的基础上，强调正确句子写作的重要性和写作时文章结构的重要性；同时突出实用性，尽可能地与学生将来工作中的需求相结合。全书共7章，分别为写作中的语法错误分析、句子错误分析、有效句子的写作、英文标点及大小写规则、段落的写作、英文Essay写作、英文简历和论文文摘的写作。

本书在梳理学生以往学习到的英语知识的基础上，强调正确句子写作的重要性和写作时文章结构的重要性；同时突出实用性，尽可能地与学生将来工作中的需求相结合。全书共7章，分别为写作中的语法错误分析、句子错误分析、有效句子的写作、英文标点及大小写规则、段落的写作、英文Essay写作、英文简历和论文文摘的写作。学生通过学习此书，可初步掌握英文写作的技巧，为今后的学习和工作打下良好的英文写作基础。

本书可作为各类非英语专业硕士生、博士生的英语写作教材，也可供英语教师、英语专业本科生学习参考。

Chapter 1 Grammar elror analysis

 1．1 Subject／verb agreement problem

1．1．1 Five kinds of subject

1．1．2 Rules for subject verb agreement

 1．2 Pronoun form and agreement problem

1．2．1 Rules for pronoun agreement

1．2．2 Shift of pronouns

1．2．3 Other problems with pronouns

 1．3 Verb tense problem

1．3．1 Tips for tenses

1．3．2 Shift in verb tenses

 1．4 Verb form problem

1．5 Verbal problem

1．5．1 Gerunds

1．5．2 Participles

1．5．3 Infinitives

1．5．4 A comparison between gerunds and infinitives

 1．6 Vibrd form problem

1．6．1 Useful suffixes

1．6．2 A difference between a gerund and a derived noun

1．6．3 Correct comparative and superlative forms of adjec—tives

 1．7 Word choice problem

1．7．1 Correct usage of take，make，and do

1．7．2 Words easily confused

 1．8 Wrong usageof articles

1．8．1 Indefinite articles：a and an

1．8．2 Definite article：the

1．8．3 First VS．subsequent mention

1．8．4 General VS．specific

 1．9 Problem with the plural form of a noun

 1．10 Word order problem

1．10．1 Rules for word order：inversion of subiect and verb

1．10．2 Word order in subordinate clauses

1．10．3 Other situations that requires an inverted word ordel

1．10．4 Avoiding“squinting”modifiers

 1．11 Wrong attributive clause

 1．12 Wrong subordinate clause

1．12．1 Independent clauses

1．12．2 Three ways to combine clauses

1．12．3 Dependent clauses

 1．13 Parallel form problem

1．13．1 Elements joined by parallel structure

1．13．2 Avoiding problems of parallel structure

1．13．3 Incomplete comparisons

Chapter 2 Sentence error analysis

 2．1 The“Big Three”sentence errors

2．1．1 Fragments

2．1．2 Comma splices and run-on sentences

 2．2 Dangling modifiers

2．2．1 Major kinds of dangling modifiers

2．2．2 Strategies for revising dangling modifiers

 2．3 Fused sentences,qViixed constructions

 2．4 Problems with sentence shift

2．4．1 Consistence in person and number

2．4．2 Consistence in subject，voice，and mood

2．4．3 Consistence in verb tenSe

2．4．4 Consistence in direct and indirect dis00urse

 2．5 Other sentence errors to avoid

Chapter 3 Effective sentences

 3．1 Sentence combining

3．1．1 Compounding sentences

3．1．2 Subordinating one clause to another

3．1．3 Using appositives to connect ideas

3．1．4 Using participial phrases to connect ideas

3．1．5 Using absolute phrases to connect ideas

 3．2 Sentence variety

3．2．1 Creating varriety by changing sentence length

3．2．2 Creating variety by changing sentence patterns

3．2．3 Creating variety by using a colon

3．2．4 Creating variety by using parentheses

3．2．5 Creating variety by using a dash

3．2．6 Creating variety by using repeated terms

3．2．7 Creating variety by using summative modifiers

 3．3 Sentence clarity

3．3．1 Going from old to new information

3．3．2 Being careful about placement of subordinate clauses

3．3．3 Using active voice

3．3．4 Using parallel constructions

3．3．5 Avoiding overusing expletives at the beginning of sentences

3．3．6 Avoiding multiple negatives

3．3．7 Avoiding using forms of‘be’as the main verbs

3．3．8 Avoiding unclear pronoun references

 3．4 Emphasis

3．4．1 Creating emphasis through coordination

3．4．2 Creating emphasis through subordination

3．4．3 Creating emphasis by using periodic sentences

3．4．4 Creating emphasis by using a dash or a colon

3．4．5 Creating emphasis by repeating key words and phrases

3．4．6 Creating emphasis though parallelism

 3．5 Transitions

3．5．1 Writing transitions

3．5．2 Transitional devices

Chapter 4 Punctuation and mechanics

 4．1 Punctuation

4．1．1 The apostrophe

4．1．2 The bracket

4．1．3 The colon

4．1．4 The comma

4．1．5 The dash．

4．1．6 The ellipsis

4．1．7 The exclamation mark

4．1．8 The hyphen

4．1．9 The parentheses

4．1．10 The period

4．1．11 The question mark

4．1．12 The quotation marks

4．1．13 The semicolon

4．1．14 The slash or virgule

 4．2 Mechanics

4．2．1 Capitalization

4．2．2 Italics and underlining

4．2．3 Writing numbers

Chapter 5 Powerful paragraphs

 5．1 Paragraphs．

5．1．1 Keeping one idea to one paragraph

5．1．2 The central idea

5．1．3 Paragraph structure

 5．2 Topic sentence

 5．3 Thesis statement

5．3．1 General introduction of thesis statement

5．3．2 Three kinds of thesis statement

5．3．3 A strong thesis statement vs a woak one

5．3．4 General tips for thesis statement

 5．4 Unity and coherence

5．4．1 Creating unity

5．4．2 Maintaining coherence

 5．5 Introductions and conclusions

5．5．1 Writing introductions

5．5．2 Writing conclusions

 5．6 Paragraph development

5．6．1 Description

5．6．2 Narration

5．6．3 Expositior

 5．7 The five paragraph essay

5．7．1 Introduction：Introductory paragraph

5．7．2 Body

5．7．3 Conclusion：Concluding paragraph

5．7．4 A sample essay

Chapter 6 Essays

 6．1 Description and narration

6．1．1 Description

6．1．2 Narration

 6．2 Exlmsition

6．2．1 Illustration by examples

6．2．2 Classification and division

6．2．3 Comparison and contrast

6．2．4 Cause and effect

6．2．5 Process analysis

6．2．6 Definition

 6．3 Argumentation

6．3．1 Establishing a purpose：Choosing to argue

6．3．2 Choosing a thesis(claim)that is debatable supportable，and focused

6．3．3 Types of claims

6．3．4 Anticipating opposing views

6．3．5 Organizing your essay clearly

6．3．6 Arguing your ideas logically

6．3．7 Offering evidence that effectively supports your claims

6．3．8 Reasoning through Toulmin’S“Layout of Argumentation”

6．3．9 Problems to avoid：Common logical fallacies

6．3．10 Sample essays

 6．4 Writing essays using multiple strategies

6．4．1 Choosing the best strategies

6．4．2 Problems to avoid

6．4．3 A sample essay

Chapter 7 Resume and abstract

 7．1 Developing a resume

7．1．1 Name and address

7．1．2 Objective statement

7．1．3 Education

7．1．4 Work experience

7．1．5 Skills and qualifications

7．1．6 Activities and honors

7．1．7 References

7．1．8 Two common strategies for resumes

7．1．9 Resume tips

7．1．10 A sample resume

 7．2 Writing an abstract

7．2．1 Definition of 31"1 abstract

7．2．2 Key words in an abstract

7．2．3 Components of an abstract

7．2．4 Qualities of a good abstract

7．2．5 Stylistic considerations

7．2．6 Steps for writing effective abstracts

7．2．7 Common problems to avoid

7．2．8 An abstract worksheet example

7．2．9 Sample abstracts

Bibliography