本书的重点是对当代英语非文学语言的分析。主要介绍了语体分析所必需的术语和语言分析方法。且对语体的特点进行了了归纳，并对几种常见的英语语体进行了讲解。可供高等(师范)院校英语专业本科高年级学生使用。也可供研究生和青年老师参考。

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

0.1 DEFINITION

0.2 INSTITUTION AS WELL AS SYSTEM

0.3 CONCEPTS OF STYLE

0.4 THE NEEDS FOR STYLISTICS

0.5 SCOPE AND ORGANIZATION OF THE BOOK

Unit One A Framework of Analysis of Style 

1 PROCEDURE OF ANALYSIS

1.1 THE CONCEPT OF TEXT

1.2 THE CONCEPT OF CONTEXT

1.3 LEVELS OF LINGUISTIC DESCRIPTION

1.4 CONSISTENCY AND RELATIVE FREQUENCY

1.5 THE PLACING OF A TEXT

1.6 PRINCIPLE OF COMPARISON

1.7 SUMMARY: A PROCEDURE OF ANALYSIS

2 POTENTIAL STYLE MARKERS (1) ~ MARKERS IN PHONOLOGY AND GRAPHOLOGY

2.1 POTENTIAL STYLE MARKERS IN PHONOLOGY

  2.1.1 Elision ~ ~

  2.1.2 Sound Patterning

  2.1.3 Onomatopoeia

2.2 POTENTIAL STYLE MARKERS IN GRAPHOLOGY ..

  2.2.1 Punctuation

  2.2.2 ParagraphingCONTENTS

  EXERClSES

3 POTENTlAL STYLE MARKERS(2)：MARKERS lN SYNTAX

3.1 THE BASIC CLAUSE STRUCTURE AND THE CLASSIFlCATlON OF CLAUSE TYPES 

3.1.1 The BaSiC Clause StruCture

3.1.2 CIause Types(1)

3.1.3 Clause Types(2)

3.1.4 CIause Types(3)

3.2 CLAUSES AS SrrUATION TYPES 

3.2.1 Types Of verb Meaning

3.2.2 PartiCipant ROIes

3.2.3 AnaIySiS Of S_tuatiOn Types and Its AppIicatlon

3.3 SENTENCE TYPES 

3.3.1 SimpIe and MuItIpIe SentenCes 

3.3.2 MaiOr and Minor Sentences 

3.4 NOUN PHRASES 

3.5 SYNTAX AND THE COMPOSrrl0N OF TEXT 

3.5.1 Sequence and SegmentatiOn 

3.5.2 Sequence and SaIience 

 3.5.2.1 SegmentatiOn and SaIience 

 3.5.2.2 Phrase Order and SaIjenCe 

 3.5.2.3 Paralle¨sm and EmDhaSiS 

 3.5.3 SegmentatiOn and COhesjOn 

 QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES 

4 POTENTIAL STYLE MARKERS(3)：LEXICAL CHOICE

4.1 ANGLO-SAx0N OR LATINATE WORDS

4.2 GENERAL OR SPEClFIC WORDS 

4.3 CONCEPTUAL OR ASSOCIATIVE MEANING

4.4 OTHER FEATURES OF LE.X]CAL ITEMS

4.5 LEX]CAL CHOICE AND THE SHAPING OF TEXT

4.5.1 Verbal Repetition and Reiteration

4.5.2 Collocation

QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES

  Unit Two Varieties of Contemporary English

5 VARIETIES ACCORDING TO REGION AND SOCIAL GROUP

5.1 REGIONAL AND SOCIAL DIALECTS

5.2 STANDARD AND NON-STANDARD ENGLISH

5.3 STANDARD AMERICAN AND BRITISH ENGLISH

5.4 THE USE OF NON-STANDARD ENGLISH

5.4.1 Markers Indicating Non-Standard Speech in Literature

5.4.2 Functions of Non-Standard Portrayals

QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES

6 VARIETIES ACCORDING TO MEDIUM (MODE OF DISCOURSE)

6.1 CHANNEL LIMITATION AND LINGUISTIC EXPLICITNESS

6.2 SPONTANEITY AND LINGUISTIC CHARACTERISTICS

6.2.1 Fluency

6.2.2 Sentence Structure

6.2.3 Lexical Choice

6.3 AUDIENCE INTERACTION AND LINGUISTIC MANIFESTATIONS

6.4 PUBLICITY OF SITUATION AND FORMALITY IN LANGUAGE

6.5 A CONTINUUM OF VARIETIES ACCORDING TO MEDIUM

6.6 FEATURES OF SPOKEN STYLE IN FICTIONAL DIALOGUES

QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES

7 VARIETIES ACCORDING TO ATTITUDE (TENOR OF DISCOURSE)

7.1 LINGUISTIC MARKERS INDICATING THE DEGREES OF FORMALITY

7.1.1 Phonological Markers

7.1.2 Graphological Markers

7.1.3 Syntactic Markers

7.1.4 Lexical Markers

7.2 LINGUISTIC MARKERS INDICATING THE DEGREES OF POLITENESS

7.2.1 Phonological Markers

7.2.2 Syntactic Markers

7.2.3 Lexical Markers

7.3 LINGUISTIC MARKERS INDICATING THE DEGREES OF IMPERSONALITY

7.4 LINGUISTIC MARKERS INDICATING THE DEGREES OF ACCESSIBILITY

QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES

8 VARIETIES ACCORDING TO FIELD OF DISCOURSE

8.1 FIELD OF DISCOURSE

8.2 THE LANGUAGE OF NEWS REPORTING

8.2.1 Graphological Devices

8.2.2 Syntactic Markers ...

8.2.3 Lexical Markers

8.3 THE LANGUAGE OF PRESS ADVERTISEMENTS

8.3.1 Components of a Press Advertisement

8.3.2 Linguistic Characteristics of Press Advertisements

  8.3.2.1 Graphological Devices

  8.3.2.2 Syntactic Devices

  8.3.2.3 Lexical Devices

  8.3.2.4 Rhetorical Devices

QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES

SAMPLES OF ANALYSIS

BIBLIOGRAPHY

编后记

钱瑗是我的好友，也是我的老师。我和她的“缘分”和文体学有关。  1985年，中国英语教学研究会在兰州大学举办文体学和写作讲习班，由王佐良、丁往道两位德高望重的教授主持。钱瑗是应邀去讲文体学，我则讲写作。文体学这门课她在北师大已经开过多次了，但是她还是重新备课，不断改进。其他教师白天没有课都外出了，只有她能安心地坐在桌前。她对教学的极度认真负责、精益求精给我留下了深刻的印象。她的课使我对文体学产生了浓厚的兴趣。80年代后期北外英语系请她来给我们的研修班开文体学课，我一直随班听课，因此她确实是我的文体学启蒙老师!后来我也在系里开这门课，尤其在开始时，遇到许多困难和问题。钱瑗不但毫无保留地把她所有的材料(包括讲义、参考书目、练习答案、发表过的文章等)送给我，而且无论什么时候我打电话求教，她总是耐心细致地给我讲解。我至今保留了她的几本油印讲义。1990年北师大出版社出版的《实用英语文体学》(上)，是钱瑗在1981年使用的教材基础上作过四次较大修改后的产物，和我手头的1985年讲义相比，体例和范例都有不少改进，体现了她最新实践和思考的结果。她的文体学教科书科学性、实用性强，是我看到的此类教材中编写得最好的，可惜当时只印了4600册，而且没有再版。外研社重印此书是有眼光的，且功德无量。我看到的重印清样上又增加了一些新的内容，是外研社请胡壮麟老师按照钱瑗在原书上做的笔记等补充上去的，因此新的《实用英语文体学》凝聚了两位学者的心血。根据我自己学与教的感受，文体学对学习、掌握和有效地使用英语帮助极大。我希望这本书的出版能够进一步推动英语文体学的教学，这是我们对一生忠诚于教育事业的钱瑗老师最好的纪念!