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单词 break
释义 break
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
DAMAGE 损坏
 ESSENTIAL  intransitive or transitive
■to (cause something to) separate suddenly or violently into two or more pieces, or to (cause something to) stop working by being damaged 破碎,破裂;打破;打断;损坏,弄坏
The dish fell to the floor and broke.碟子掉到地上摔碎了。
Charles is always breaking things.查尔斯老是打碎东西。
She fell and broke her arm (= broke the bone in her arm).她摔断了胳膊。
I dropped the vase and it broke into pieces.我把花瓶掉在地上摔碎了。
I think I've broken your cassette player.我想我弄坏了你的卡式录音机。
I picked it up and the handle broke off.我把它捡了起来,可是手柄断了。
We heard the sound of breaking glass.我们听见玻璃破碎的声音。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
END 结束
 IMPROVER  intransitive or transitive
■to destroy or end something, or to come to an end 毁坏,打破;结束,终结
Eventually someone spoke, breaking the silence.最后终于有人开口打破了沉默。
She laughed and that broke the tension.她大笑起来,打破了紧张气氛。
The enemy were unable to break the code (= understand it and so make it useless).敌人无法破译密码。
Outside workers were brought in in an attempt to break (= end) the strike.外面的工人被调进来以结束罢工。
break a/the record
■to do something better than the best known speed, time, number, etc. previously achieved 打破纪录
She broke the record for the 5000 metres.她打破了5000米的纪录。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
NOT OBEY 违背
 ADVANCED  transitive
■to fail to keep a law, rule or promise 破坏;违反;违背
He didn't know he was breaking the law (= doing something illegal).他不知道自己的行为是犯法的。
She broke her promise/word to me (= did not do what she promised she would).她违背了对我的诺言。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
DIVIDE 分开
 ADVANCED  intransitive or transitive [+ adv/prep]
■to (cause something to) divide into two or more parts or groups 打乱;打破;分散;分开;分解
These enzymes break down food in the stomach (= cause food to separate into smaller pieces).这些酵素在胃中分解食物。
I asked her to break her expenses down into food, accommodation, travel and personal costs.我叫她把日常开支细分为食品、住宿、旅行和个人花费。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
INTERRUPT 打断
transitive
■to interrupt or to stop something for a short period 打断;中断,中止
We usually break for lunch at 12.30.我们通常12点半休息吃午餐。
I needed something to break the monotony of my typing job.我需要做点甚么来打发打字工作的单调。
The phone rang, breaking my concentration.电话响了,打断了我的注意。
UK They decided to break their journey in Singapore.他们决定在新加坡稍作停留。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
USE FORCE 用力
intransitive or transitive [usually + adv/prep]
■to go somewhere or do something by force 急冲;猛闯;突破
He threatened to break the door down (= enter using force).他威胁要砸门进来。
The horse tried to break free from its stable.那匹马想从马厩里挣脱出去。
In the storm the boat broke loose from its moorings.暴风雨中船脱开了缆绳。
The thieves broke the safe open and stole the diamonds.盗贼撬开保险箱偷走了钻石。
The police broke up the fight (= ended it forcefully).警方强行制止了打斗。
She broke his grip and ran away.她用力挣脱了他的手,跑开了。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
EMOTION 情绪
intransitive or transitive
■to lose your self-control, confidence, determination, etc., or to make someone do this (使)(自控能力、信心、意志等)崩溃
He thought she would break under the strain.他觉得她在压力之下会崩溃的。
They tried to break his will (= make him lose his control) but he resisted.他们企图使他失去自控,但他顶住了。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
BECOME KNOWN 泄漏
intransitive or transitive
■to come or bring to notice; to (cause to) be known 暴露,泄漏;透漏;传开
When the scandal broke (= came to the public's attention) , the company director committed suicide.丑闻曝光后公司主管自杀了。
It was the local newspaper which first broke the story (= told the public).是当地的报纸首先披露了这件事。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
WAVES 波浪
intransitive usually + adverb or preposition
■(of waves) to reach and move over the beach, hit a cliff or wall, etc. (波浪)拍岸,迸溅
A huge wave broke on/against the shore/ over the boat.一个大浪拍打岸边/冲上轮船。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
DAY 黎明
dawn/day breaks
■When dawn or day breaks, the sun starts to appear in the sky early in the morning (晨光)初现;(天)破晓
Dawn broke over the city.城市上空,天光破晓。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
VOICE 嗓音
intransitive
■If someone's voice breaks, it changes from one state to another (嗓音)改变
When a boy's voice breaks it begins to sound like a man's.男孩子变声之后,听起来就开始像成年人了。
Her voice was breaking with emotion as she pleaded for her child's return.当她苦苦哀求让她的孩子回来时激动得嗓音都变了调。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
SPORT 体育
break serve
■(in tennis) to win a game in which another player is serving (= hitting the ball first) (网球中)破发球
Sampras broke Ivanisevic's serve in the second set.森柏斯在第二盘中破了伊万尼塞维奇的发球局。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
break your back informal
■to work extremely hard 拼命干活
He broke his back to get the project done on time.为了能按时完成企划案他拼命工作。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
break sb's heart
■to make someone who loves you very sad, usually by telling them you have stopped loving them 使(某人)伤透了心
He's broken a lot of girls' hearts.他令许多女孩伤心欲绝。
■If an event or situation breaks your heart, it makes you feel very sad 使(某人)忧伤,使(某人)难过
She really broke her mother's heart when she left home.她离家出走真的伤了她母亲的心。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
break bread old use
■to eat a meal 吃饭,进餐
■to take Holy Communion 领圣餐
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
break cover
■When an animal or person breaks cover, they run out of their hiding place. 从隐蔽处突然出来,冲出躲藏处
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
break down barriers
■to improve understanding and communication between people who have different opinions 扫除障碍,打破藩篱
The talks were meant to break down barriers between the two groups.谈判旨在消除双方意见的分歧。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
break even
■to have no profit or loss at the end of especially a business activity 收支平衡;(尤指商业活动)不赚不赔
After paying for our travel costs, we barely (= only just) broke even.在付完旅行费用后我们刚好收支平衡。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
break fresh/new ground
■to do or discover something new 开辟新天地,创新;作出新发现
This recovery technique breaks new ground.这种康复技术是一项创新。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
break it up informal
■said to stop people fighting 散开,住手,别打架啦
Break it up, you two!你们俩别打了!
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
break it/the news to sb
■to tell someone about something unpleasant which will affect or upset them 把不好的消息告诉(某人)
Come on, what happened? Break it to me gently (= in a kind way).究竟发生了甚么事?好好地告诉我吧。
I didn't want to be the one to break the news to him.我可不想把这种消息告诉他。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
break ranks
■to publicly show disagreement or criticism of the group that you belong to 与(同一阵营的人)意见不合;与…分道扬镳
His medical colleagues advised him not to break ranks by talking about the hospital's problems to the newspapers.他的医院同事劝他不要公开表示不满,向报纸谈论医院的问题。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
break the back of sth UK
■to get most or the worst part of a particular task done 完成绝大(或最艰难的)部分
We've broken the back of it now and we should be finished by Friday.我们现在已经完成了绝大部分,星期五之前应该能全部完成。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
break the bank humorous
■to cost too much 太贵,花钱太多
It only costs £2. That's not going to break the bank.只花了两英镑,不算太贵。
[breɪk] verb (broke, broken)
break the ice informal
■to make people who have not met before feel more relaxed with each other 打破冷场
Someone suggested that we play a party game to break the ice.有人建议我们玩一个集体游戏来打破沉默。
⇒ See also ice-breaker
§/breɪk/break 1
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